Ovine and caprine brucellosis: World distribution and control/eradication strategies in West Asia/North Africa region

Benkirane, A.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2005.07.032

Cited by 84 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This could be attributed to especially in the tropics. In agreement with our the fact that the bacterium could have migrated from findings, earlier studies [25,26] reported that Brucella the blood and get trapped within the macrophages and infected animals could serve as sources of infection to non-professional phagocytes [27]. Furthermore, it was other non-infected animals as well as the human speculated that the inconsistency in the positive results populace.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of the shedding routes and serological patterns in experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats

Tanko¹,

Emikpe²,

Sabri³

2013

Vet World

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Aim: To identify and evaluate the shedding routes and patterns following experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats. Materials and Methods:Twenty four healthy, adult goats were divided into 4 groups: A, B, C and D respectively. Group A 7 was treated with dexamethasone for 8 days prior to inoculation with 10 Colony Forming Units of B. melitensis via the intraocular route. Group B was transported for 3 hours prior to inoculation with a similar dose. Group C was inoculated with a similar dose without subjecting the animals to any prior treatment, and this group served as our positive control. Group D was not inoculated with the infective dose and served as our negative control. Blood samples along with nasal, ocular, and vaginal swabs were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and weekly thereafter until day 63 post inoculation (pi) and were analyzed by PCR, Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and indirect ELISA techniques. Results:The nasal, ocular and vaginal swabs tested positive for Brucellosis with PCR from day 7, with nasal route being the first and most consistent route to reveal the positive results. Group B showed the earliest onset of shedding the bacterium (day 7) followed by group A which started from day 10 and shed relatively more positive of the bacterium via the routes examined. Blood samples tested positive with PCR from day 7 through 14 and the results were inconsistent subsequently. Sera samples tested positive with RBPT on day 14 in all the 3 infected groups but more consistent in group C. On the other hand, tests using ELISA showed positive results from day 7 pi, with group C having a 100% seroconvertion -while groups A and B showed only 50% seroconvertion. Conclusion:The consistent shedding via the nasal, ocular, and vaginal routes in groups A and B implied possible immunosuppression in the infected animals. We recommend that programs designed to control Brucellosis should consider analyzing a larger number of biological samples to enhance the accuracy of identification of shedders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Evaluation of the shedding routes and serological patterns in experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats

Tanko¹,

Emikpe²,

Sabri³

2013

Vet World

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“…The disease is responsible for considerable economical losses to the small ruminant industry (Benkirane 2006, OIE 2009. Sheep and goats brucellosis is endemic in most countries of the Mediterranean basin, the Middle East and Central Asia (Omer et al 2000, Al-Majali et al 2005, Latin America, and parts of Africa (Benkirane 2006). The first report of brucellosis in Portugal is from 1873.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of sheep and goat brucellosis in the northeast of Portugal

Coelho

Rodrigues

2013

Arch. med. vet.

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RESUMENSe realizó una encuesta para estimar la seroprevalencia de brucelosis ovina y caprina en la región de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, al noreste de Portugal. En total fueron analizados 278.097 pequeños rumiantes distribuidos en 5.466 rebaños pertenecientes a 13 organizaciones de Ganaderos (OPP) fueron analizados. Cuatrocientos ochenta y siete (8,9%) rebaños tenían uno o más animales serológicamente positivos, con valores que oscilaban entre 8,2% y 9,7%. La prevalencia individual fue de 0,44% (IC 95% 0,40-0,48%). No se detectaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas asociadas al tamaño de los rebaños, las especies, la constitución del rebaño, el tipo de producción y la OPP. Basándose en los resultados de esta encuesta, un pequeño porcentaje de animales y un alto porcentaje de los rebaños en el noreste de Portugal fueron serológicamente positivos. Dada la escasez de estudios epidemiológicos sobre la brucelosis en el norte de Portugal, la información sobre la seroprevalencia obtenida en este estudio es importante a la hora de definir medidas de control de la brucelosis en la zona.Palabras clave: Brucella melitensis, pequeños rumiantes, epidemiología, seroprevalencia. SUMMARYA survey to estimate the seroprevalence of ovine and caprine brucellosis was conducted in the region of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Northeast of Portugal. In total, 278,097 small ruminants and 5,466 flocks from 13 Livestock Farmers Organizations (OPP's) were analysed. Four hundred and eighty seven (8.9%) flocks had one or more serologically positive animals with values ranging between 8.2% and 9.7%. The individual seroprevalence was 0.44% (CI 95% 0.40-0.48%). There were significant differences in seroprevalence rates among herd sizes, species, constitution of herd, production's type and OPP. Based on the results of this survey, a small percentage of animals and a high percentage of flocks in the Northeast of Portugal were serologically positive. Considering the paucity of epidemiological reports on brucellosis in the Northeast of Portugal the information on seroprevalence provided in this study is necessary to define control measures for brucellosis in the area.

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“…The disease is highly contagious in domestic (camel, cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats), wild (deer, elk, bison, zebra) and companion (horses, donkeys, mules and dogs) animals and is one of the most important and widespread zoonosis in the world (Poester et al, 2002). The disease remains an uncontrolled problem in regions with poor animal and public health standards leading to high endemic in Africa, the Mediterranean, Middle East, parts of Asia and Latin America (Capasso, 2002 (Benkirane, 2006). Brucellosis is generally asymptomatic in horses (Denny, 1973).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Brucella antibodies in horses (Equus Caballus) in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria

Ardo¹,

Abubakar²,

Adamu³

2016

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies in Jalingo using the Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and the serum agglutination test (SAT). A total of 90 adult horses that were on zero grazing management system were sampled. The sampling sites were selected based on the availability of horses. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of Brucella antibodies in horses as well as the distribution of the infection according to sex. There was no association of horses seen with other animals. The samples collected comprised of 88 males and 02 female horses from four locations in Jalingo: Barade, Sarkin dawaki, Sintali and Turaki. All the sera samples were subjected to initial screening by RBPT and positive cases were then analyzed with SAT. The overall prevalence of Brucella antibodies was 07 (07.8%) with all positive cases recorded from male horses for RBPT, while none was positive for SAT among the male and female horses. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of horse Brucella antibodies between male and female (P>0.05). Horses in Jalingo are in the four wards identified and were all sampled. Turaki ward recorded the highest prevalence of 13.3%, while Barade Ward had the lowest prevalence with 00.0%. However, there is no significant difference in the prevalence between the male and female (P>0.05). Further studies need to be conducted to determine the involvement of other species and humans.

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Ovine and caprine brucellosis: World distribution and control/eradication strategies in West Asia/North Africa region

Cited by 84 publications

References 7 publications

Evaluation of the shedding routes and serological patterns in experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats

Evaluation of the shedding routes and serological patterns in experimentally-induced Brucella melitensis infection in dexamethasone-treated and transport-stressed goats

Seroprevalence of sheep and goat brucellosis in the northeast of Portugal

Prevalence of Brucella antibodies in horses (Equus Caballus) in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria

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