Overwintering populations of Mesodinium rubrum (Ciliophora: Haptorida) in lakes of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica

Gibson, John A.E.; Swadling, Kerrie M.; Pitman, Tracey; Burton, Harry R.

doi:10.1007/s003000050119

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…As these collective features were also observed in the fatty acid profiles of Paralabidocera antarctica, it appears that the copepod grazes on the unidentified cryptomonad in Ace Lake. During the present study, the highest abundance of the cryptomonad was recorded at 2 m in late November (Gibson et al 1997b), when adult females became abundant in the water column (Swadling 1998). The unidentified prymnesiophyte was likewise common at 2 m (J.A.E.G.…”

Section: Lacustrine Populationmentioning

confidence: 48%

Role of lipid in the life cycles of ice-dependent and ice-independent populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica

Swadling¹,

Nichols²,

Gibson³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We compared the lipid stores of coastal and lacustrine populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica over a complete developmental cycle. The life cycle of the coastal population, which was reflected in their pattern of lipid storage, was coupled closely to the growth of sea ice. Nauplii entered the sea ice in early autumn and overwintered predominantly as the NIV stage, with triacylglycerol comprising up to 26% of their dry weight (DW). During their rapid development from stages CI to CIV, much smaller quantities (< 2% DW) of triacylglycerol were present. The population underwent a habitat shift from the ice to the water column at the CIV stage, although adults remained close to the ice-water interface. Adults of both sexes initially contained high amounts of triacylglycerol as a proportion of their total lipid (50% in males, 65% in females), but these stores were depleted over the 3 wk-long period of mating and spawning. The lacustrine population of P. antarctica also accumulated triacylglycerol; however, their life cycle was largely independent of the ice cover on the lake. The CI to CIV stages of the lacustrine population contained more triacylglycerol than the same stages at the coastal site, suggesting that either they experienced short-term periods of starvation due to patchiness in the food supply or that their dietary intake was lipid-rich. Reproduction began 1 mo earlier in the lake population, and the lipid storage patterns of adults indicated a longer reproductive duration. The fatty acid composition of P. antarctica reflected that of particulate matter in the 2 environments, arguing for a relatively simple biochemical pathway in comparison to some of the larger pelagic copepods.

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Section: Lacustrine Populationmentioning

confidence: 48%

Role of lipid in the life cycles of ice-dependent and ice-independent populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica

Swadling¹,

Nichols²,

Gibson³

et al. 2000

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…rubrum may be capable of producing cysts, which would presumably help the species survive extreme conditions, as assumed earlier (Lindholm, 1985). However, no resting stages of Mesodinium have ever been observed and there is no evidence of cyst formation in this ciliate even under extreme conditions (Gibson et al ., 1997). Instead it was reported that Mesodinium sustains dense active populations at the oxic–anoxic boundary layer in hypersaline waters under extremely low‐light conditions [ c .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Instead it was reported that Mesodinium sustains dense active populations at the oxic–anoxic boundary layer in hypersaline waters under extremely low‐light conditions [ c . 0.01 PAR μE m −2 s −1 (Gibson et al ., 1997)]. We consider it unlikely that extracellular rRNA remains intact for reverse transcription and PCR amplification after sinking from the euphotic zone to a depth of 3500 m. Therefore, we presume that Mesodinium might indeed establish active populations in the L'Atalante halocline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial eukaryotes in the hypersaline anoxic L'Atalante deep‐sea basin

Alexander

Stock

Breiner

et al. 2009

Environmental Microbiology

133

176

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The frontiers of eukaryote life in nature are still unidentified. In this study, we analysed protistan communities in the hypersaline (up to 365 g l(-1) NaCl) anoxic L'Atalante deep-sea basin located in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Targeting 18S ribosomal RNA retrieved from the basin's lower halocline (3501 m depth) we detected 279 protistan sequences that grouped into 42 unique phylotypes (99% sequence similarity). Statistical analyses revealed that these phylotypes account only for a proportion of the protists inhabiting this harsh environment with as much as 50% missed by this survey. Most phylotypes were affiliated with ciliates (45%), dinoflagellates (21%), choanoflagelates (10%) and uncultured marine alveolates (6%). Sequences from other taxonomic groups like stramenopiles, Polycystinea, Acantharea and Euglenozoa, all of which are typically found in non-hypersaline deep-sea systems, are either missing or very rare in our cDNA clone library. Although many DHAB sequences fell within previously identified environmental clades, a large number branched relatively deeply. Phylotype richness, community membership and community structure differ significantly from a deep seawater reference community (3499 m depth). Also, the protistan community in the L'Atalante basin is distinctively different from any previously described hypersaline community. In conclusion, we hypothesize that extreme environments may exert a high selection pressure possibly resulting in the evolution of an exceptional and distinctive assemblage of protists. The deep hypersaline anoxic basins in the Mediterranean Sea provide an ideal platform to test for this hypothesis and are promising targets for the discovery of undescribed protists with unknown physiological capabilities.

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“…Mesodinium rubrum is a globally distributed ciliate (Lindholm 1985, Crawford 1989, Williams 1996, Gibson et al 1997) that sometimes causes red tides in coastal waters (Johnson et al 2004, Yih et al 2004, Hansen et al 2013. M. rubrum is capable of both photosynthesis and prey ingestion (Gustafson et al 2000, Yih et al 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding by common heterotrophic dinoflagellates and a ciliate on the red-tide ciliate Mesodinium rubrum

Lee¹,

Jeong²,

Yoon³

et al. 2014

ALGAE

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Overwintering populations of Mesodinium rubrum (Ciliophora: Haptorida) in lakes of the Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Role of lipid in the life cycles of ice-dependent and ice-independent populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica

Role of lipid in the life cycles of ice-dependent and ice-independent populations of the copepod Paralabidocera antarctica

Microbial eukaryotes in the hypersaline anoxic L'Atalante deep‐sea basin

Feeding by common heterotrophic dinoflagellates and a ciliate on the red-tide ciliate Mesodinium rubrum

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