Overweight Is Highly Prevalent In Children with Type 1 Diabetes And Associates with Cardiometabolic Risk

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease

“…224 Excess adiposity affected 38.5% of 283 children with T1DM, a rate higher than that of the US pediatric population, and youth with T1DM have been reported to have features of the metabolic syndrome, including abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. 150,225,226 Compared with the children with T1DM who were of normal weight, overweight or obese children with T1DM had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and fatty liver. 226 Some studies have attempted to tease out whether weight or glycemic control is a more important determinant of CVD risk factors.…”

Body Mass Index According to Insulin and Oral Hypoglycemic Drug Usage in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

“…In turn, insulin resistance is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and increased morbidity and mortality in the general population [23]. However, insulin itself promotes weight gain, which in turn, increases cardiovascular risk [24,25]. The underlying causes of insulin-induced weight gain include conservation of glucose calories that were previously utilized, and perhaps increased calorie intake as a defense against hypoglycemia.…”

“…Five of the ten countries with the highest national prevalence of diabetes worldwide are in the Middle East [4]. Moreover, studies on DM prevalence in the gulf region have revealed variable but consistently high prevalence rates such as 25.7% in Bahrain [5], 16.1% in Oman [6], 18.7% in the United Arab Emirates [4], and 14.6% in Kuwait [4].Similarly, diabetes affects approximately 12 % (26 million) of the US adult population, and is considered a twenty-first century epidemic [7]. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is a rapidly developing country that faces the same threat; despite the KSA population having easy access to healthcare facilities, theprevalence of DM is 23.7%, with nearly half of the diabetic population being newly diagnosed at the time of this study [8].…”

Microvascular and Macrovascular Complications in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

“…Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes represent a high risk population with regards to CVD, given that cardiovascular risk factors are common among them (Dahl-Jorgensen et al, 2005;Margeirsdottir et al, 2008;van Vliet et al) and they can contribute to their poor long-term prognosis (Skrivarhaug et al, 2006). A recent study has shown that as many as 86% of youth with type 1 diabetes has at least one, 45% at least two and 15% at least three CVD risk factors, including high HbA1c, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, smoking and family history of CVD events (Margeirsdottir et al, 2008).…”