Overweight in late adolescence predicts development of severe liver disease later in life: A 39years follow-up study

High BMI in late adolescence predicts future severe liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma: a national, population-based cohort study in 1.2 million men

“…This is consistent with previous studies, as obesity has previously been associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis16 26 27 and with an increased risk of HCC 11 12. For instance, Calle et al reported in 2003 that the risk of dying from HCC increased with a higher BMI in a study of more than 900 000 adult Americans.…”

“…However, excluding men who received a diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease during follow-up did not attenuate the excess risk associated with high BMI in this study. Also, it was recently shown in a subset of this cohort with available data on alcohol consumption and smoking at the time of conscription, that these risk factors could not explain the association between a high BMI and future severe liver disease 16. The validity of the population-based registers used for ascertainment of outcomes is high,23 but due to the fact that primary care is not included, we might have missed cases of T2DM who have been followed only in primary care during the follow-up.…”

“…It has recently been shown that a high BMI in late adolescent men is associated with an increased risk of death in or hospitalisation for end-stage liver disease,16 even when adjusting for known confounders including alcohol consumption, smoking and use of narcotics. However, this study was performed in adolescent men who underwent conscription to military service in 1969–1970, when overweight and obesity were relatively uncommon,17 and only 0.8% of that cohort was classified as obese (BMI >30 kg/m 2 ).…”

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

“…88). After a follow up of almost 38 years, being overweight in late adolescence increased the risk of liver related outcomes by 64% compared with those with a low to normal BMI, with risk increased 5% for each unit of BMI above the normal range (BMI 18-25 kg/m 2 ) 88 . Obesity early in life also increases the risk of HCC in adulthood.…”

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents and young adults: The next frontier in the epidemic

“…The importance of these facts is highlighted by studies that demonstrated that obese adolescents are more likely to develop severe obesity by the time they reach their early thirties; childhood adiposity is associated with NAFLD in adolescence; and weight gain in childhood correlates with the entire histological and clinical spectrum of adult NAFLD regardless of initial or attained BMI . A recent large cohort study demonstrated that overweight adolescents (aged 18‐20 years) have an increased risk of severe liver disease (hazard ratio, 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16‐2.32; P = 0.006) compared to those with normal BMI after a follow‐up of 39 years . Each unit increase in BMI carried a 5% higher risk for development of severe liver disease.…”