Overweight and Risk of Noncommunicable Diseases in Adulthood: An Analysis of NHANES IV 2015–2016

Pereira, Débora dos Santos; Oliveira, Mariane Helen de; Conde, Wolney Lisbôa

doi:10.1080/07315724.2021.1891586

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…More than a third of the sample had some type of NCDs, so the results revealed an association between early adulthood nutritional status with risk of early NCDs, as well as the burden of these diseases attributed to being overweight at 25 years old. Associations between BMI with proximal and distal factors of the individual have been widely studied (Buscot et al, 2018; Daw et al, 2017; Di Angelantonio et al, 2016; Fosam & Perry, 2020; Jaacks et al, 2019; Ma et al, 2011; NCDRF Collaboration, 2016; Oluwagbemigun et al, 2019; Pereira et al, 2022; Swinburn et al, 2011; Tremmel et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main NCDs related to obesity are type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), High Blood Pressure (HBP), Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD), Neoplasms, Musculoskeletal Disorders, and Kidney Diseases (Chooi et al, 2019; Pereira et al, 2022; World Health Organization, 2021). With multifactorial causes, the complex mechanisms by which obesity is involved have been revealed (Al‐Goblan et al, 2014; Alamuddin et al, 2016; Ferrannini & Cushman, 2012; Fosam & Perry, 2020; Heymsfield & Wadden, 2017; Hoffman et al, 2021; Iyengar et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these NCDs are increasingly affecting the young population (Araújo et al, 2015; Morrison et al, 2008; Oluwagbemigun et al, 2019; Pereira et al, 2022). Ample evidence has shown that the status of overweight in childhood and adolescence predicts the status of adult overweight (Buscot et al, 2018; Simmonds et al, 2016), which may lead to an increased burden of early NCDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overweight and obesity in adulthood, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and the early burden of noncommunicable diseases among Americans: NHANES 2007–2018

Pereira

Conde

2023

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between nutritional status in early adulthood and the burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs); To evaluate the influence of sociodemographic factors and lifestyle on the outcomes of BMI kg/m2 ≤24.9, ≥25.0, and ≥30.0; to estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) to BMI elevated at 25 years old in the burden of NCDs in American adults.MethodsWe used data from 15 721 American adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2018. The Hazard Ratio (HR), Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated in the proportional risk regression models of Cox (entire population) and Poisson (restricted to non‐patients), respectively. The proportionality of the risk between the burden of NCDs and BMI at 25 years old was drawn by the Kaplan–Meier curve, and the PAF was calculated. All analyses were adjusted taking into account the sample weights.ResultsHealth disparities (sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty index, and education level), and lifestyle (physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption) influenced the current nutritional status. Cumulative survival in overweight and obese groups decreased considerably over time (p < .0001). Being overweight and obese in adulthood may increase the risk of early NCDs (HR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.54–1.84 and HR: 2.87, 95% CI: 2.56–3.21, respectively). About 22.72% (95% CI: 19.99–25.36, p < .001) of the burden NCDs could have been avoided if overweight at age 25 had been prevented.ConclusionsMonitoring weight change from young adulthood can provide a sensitive and useful clinical measure for early detection of adverse trends in NCDs risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overweight and obesity in adulthood, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and the early burden of noncommunicable diseases among Americans: NHANES 2007–2018

Pereira

Conde

2023

American J Hum Biol

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“…Research indicates that up to 22.7% of the burden of NCDs could have been prevented by avoiding overweight during adulthood. In that way, interventions planned to prevent weight gain during early adulthood play a crucial role in reducing the risk of NCDs (Pereira & Conde, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a useful tool for assessing obesity‐related health risks and is widely used in clinical and research settings (NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, 2016). High BMI is associated with a range of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), high blood pressure (HBP), dyslipidemias, and some types of cancer (Jaacks et al, 2019; Lin et al, 2020; Pereira & Conde, 2023). NCDs are a main cause of premature deaths, responsible for an alarming number of global fatalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk assessment of obesity‐related noncommunicable diseases through body mass index trajectories in adulthood: NHANES 2007–2018

dos Santos Pereira,

dos Santos,

Vieira Pastorello

et al. 2023

American J Hum Biol

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AimTo assess the impact of adult body mass index (BMI) trajectories on the risk of obesity‐related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the U.S. adults after adjustment for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.MethodsData were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2018, including male and female participants aged 29–59 years. Rao‐Scott adjusted chi‐square was employed to detect associations between categorical variables in descriptive analyses. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for NCDs and BMI trajectories, adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Kaplan–Meier curves illustrated the cumulative incidence over time.ResultsAnalyses were carried out on 15 721 participants and revealing significant differences among BMI trajectories in terms of demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics. The overall prevalence of NCDs was 28.0% (95%CI:26.6–28.9). The cumulative incidence over time was higher in the high increase, moderate increase, and mixed trajectory groups, with a correspondingly higher cumulative risk (p < 0.001). Non‐overweight trajectory was considered reference category in Cox models. The BMI trajectories were independently associated with an increased risk of NCDs, even after adjusting for potential confounders (HR: 1.7; 95%CI: 1.4–1.9 for moderate increase; HR: 3.6; 95%CI: 3.2–4.1 for high increase; and HR: 2.4; 95%CI: 2.1–2.7, for mixed). Furthermore, differences between males and females were also observed.ConclusionThe transition to and persistence of obesity into adulthood increases the risk of NCDs. The implementation of targeted interventions with long‐term monitoring of BMI may be beneficial in the prevention of future obesity‐related NCDs.

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Association between ultraprocessed food consumption and obesity in US adults: an analysis of NHANES 2009-2018

Mashki,

de Oliveira,

dos S. Pereira

et al. 2023

Arch Latinoam Nutr

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Introduction. We propose the following hypothesis: ultraprocessed foods in the global food supply contribute to the worldwide increase in obesity. Objective. To analyze the association between a higher consumption of ultraprocessed foods and the obesity in adulthood in the United States. Materials and methods. United States National Survey of Health and Nutrition Examination (NHANES) (2009-2018) data were used. We included subjects of both sexes, aged between 18-64 years old, with anthropometric, health, income, race/ethnicity and physical activity (PA) data. The association between the ultraprocessed food intake and obesity was calculated using a binomial logistic regression. In addition, we also evaluated a subsample with subjects who did not consume more than their adequate daily energy requirements. Results. We evaluated 13,310 subjects in total, and 4,788 in our subsample. Of these 33% were committed to obesity, and in the subsample the prevalence was even higher, around 49%. In our analysis, we found five factors (ultraprocessed food consumption, sex, age, race/ethnicity, and sedentary lifestyle) that were positively associated with the development of obesity. Compared to subjects who consumed less than 20% of ultraprocessed foods, subjects who consumed between 20 to 40% of ultraprocessed food had 16% more odds of developing obesity [95%CI:1.06–1.26]. For the subsample, the odds were even higher, being around 27% [95%CI:1.11–1.46]. Conclusions. Our results showed a positive association between obesity and the amount of ultraprocessed food consumption, even though, in those who consumed no more than their adequate daily energy requirements.

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Overweight and Risk of Noncommunicable Diseases in Adulthood: An Analysis of NHANES IV 2015–2016

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Overweight and obesity in adulthood, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and the early burden of noncommunicable diseases among Americans: NHANES 2007–2018

Overweight and obesity in adulthood, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and the early burden of noncommunicable diseases among Americans: NHANES 2007–2018

Risk assessment of obesity‐related noncommunicable diseases through body mass index trajectories in adulthood: NHANES 2007–2018

Association between ultraprocessed food consumption and obesity in US adults: an analysis of NHANES 2009-2018

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