Overweight and obesity in children aged 3–13 years in urban Cameroon: a cross-sectional study of prevalence and association with socio-economic status

Choukem, Siméon-Pierre; Kamdeu-Chedeu, Josiane; Leary, Sam D; Mboue-Djieka, Yannick; Nebongo, D.; Akazong, C. A.; Mapoure, Yacouba Njankouo; Shield, Julian P H; Gautier, Jean‐François; Mbanya, Jean Claude

doi:10.1186/s40608-017-0146-4

Cited by 33 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In Africa, the problem of stunted child growth has not improved significantly, and projections show that the situation will remain unchanged until 2020 . Simultaneously, obesity is on the rise in Africa : in 2010, the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity was 8.5% and is projected to rise to 12.7% by 2020 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in rural Tanzania

Ismail

Darling

Mosha

et al. 2019

Tropical Med Int Health

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objective To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in a rural Tanzanian community.methods Cross-sectional survey of 1226 randomly selected adolescents from the Dodoma Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) in the Chamwino district in the Dodoma region. Anthropometric measurements for weight and height were collected. Height-for-age-z-scores (HAZs) and body mass index (BMI)-for-age-z-scores (BAZs) were computed. Descriptive estimates were documented in graphs and tables, and weighted linear regression models were used to examine predictors of malnutrition.results Stunting prevalence was 18%, and thinness prevalence was 14%. Overweight and obesity affected 5.23% of participants. Girls had higher HAZs (b: 0.46, 95% CI 0.33, 0.59, P < 0.0001) and BAZs (b: 0.20, 95% CI 0.05, 0.35, P = 0.0098) than boys. Age was inversely associated with HAZs (b: À0.13, 95% CI À0.17, À0.08, P < 0.0001) and BAZs (b: À0.05, 95% CI À0.10, À0.004, P = 0.0327). Wealth score (b: 0.10, 95% CI 0.04, 0.16, P = 0.0009) and dietary diversity score (b: 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07, P = 0.0080) were positively associated with HAZs and BAZs. Out-ofschool adolescents had higher HAZs (b: À0.49, 95% CI À0.75, À0.23, P = 0.0003) and BAZs (b: À0.68, 95% CI À0.99, À0.37, P < 0.0001) than adolescents who attended school.conclusion There are substantial variations of HAZs and BAZs across gender, age, education and wealth, with an emerging burden of overweight and obesity among adolescents in this rural population. Interventions are urgently required to curb both ends of the malnutrition spectrum.keywords adolescents, stunting, underweight, height-for-age-z-score, BMI-for-age-z-score, linear regressions Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 1 (no poverty), SDG 2 (zero hunger), SDG 3 (good health and well-being), SDG 4 (quality education), SDG 5 (gender equity), SDG 10 (reduced inequalities), SDG 17 (partnerships for the goals) Tropical Medicine and International Health

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in rural Tanzania

Ismail

Darling

Mosha

et al. 2019

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…[1][2][3] The most common cause of obesity in children is a positive energy balance due to caloric intake in excess of caloric expenditure, combined with a genetic predisposition for weight gain. 4 Even in developing countries, lack of physical activity and the nutritional transition toward high energy food/junk food have been associated with a rise in obesity prevalence.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference and Arm-to-Height Ratio to Identify Obesity in School-Age Children

Rerksuppaphol¹,

Rerksuppaphol²

2017

Clin Med Res

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Background:In resource-poor settings, anthropometric parameters are evaluated as potential alternatives to the body mass index (BMI) for detecting overweight and obesity in children. To this end, the mid-upperarm circumference (MUAC) and the mid-upper-arm circumference-to-height ratio (AHtR) were evaluated as proxies to BMI in Thai school-age children.Study design: An observational, cross-sectional study was performed on school-aged children.Participants: Children in grades 1 through 6 at all public elementary schools in the Ongkharak district, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand during May and June 2013 were included. This is a rural district with low per capita income.Methods: Weight, height, and MUAC were measured in school-age children and analyzed to identify optimal cut-off values for MUAC and AHtR for detection of overweight and obesity in comparison to BMI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the validity of MUAC and AHtR use.Results: Data from 3,618 children, aged 6.0-12.99 years, were analyzed. MUAC correlated with age and height (P < 0.001), but especially with body weight (r = 0.888 to 0.914) and BMI (r = 0.859 to 0.908) in both genders, while AHtR correlated with body weight and BMI (P < 0.001), but not with age. Cut-off values of MUAC for obesity diagnosis ranged from 18.9 to 25.5 cm for boys and from 19.8 to 25.4 cm for girls. Accuracy was excellent for both boys (AUC = 0.952-0.991) and girls (AUC = 0.917-0.990). Cut-off of MUAC for overweight diagnosis ranged from 17.2 to 22.4 cm for boys (AUC = 0.883-0.965) and from 18.0 to 23.2 cm for girls (AUC = 0.905-0.931). AHtR cut-off values for obesity and overweight diagnosis at 0.16 and 0.145, respectively, were determined with excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUC ranged from 0.920 to 0.975). Conclusion:MUAC and AHtR were reliable tools to detect overweight and obesity in Thai school-age children. Cut-off points for MUAC were age and gender specific, while AHtR at 0.16 and 0.145 were the optimal values for both genders, independent of age. These anthropometric measurements showed excellent accuracy in predicting overweight and obesity with high specificity and sensitivity. Keywords: Anthropometry; Mid-upper-arm circumference; Arm-to-height ratio; Pediatric obesity; Overweight T he widespread prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has become an alarming public health concern in both developed and developing countries. 1-3The most common cause of obesity in children is a positive energy balance due to caloric intake in excess of caloric expenditure, combined with a genetic predisposition for weight gain. 4 Even in developing countries, lack of physical activity and the nutritional transition toward high energy food/junk food have been associated with a rise in obesity prevalence. 5,6 A previous cross-sectional study of school-age children in Ongkharak, Thailand found a prevalence of 12.8% for overweight and 9.4% for obesity, a dramatic increase among Thai children. 7Comorbidities that were previously considered "adult" diseases,...

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“…In Cameroon, epidemiological findings on obesity and overweight in some schools indicated up to 18% prevalence (Wamba et al, 2013;Navti et al, 2014;Navti et al, 2015;Navti et al, 2017;Choukem et al, 2017). Standard factors including socio-economic status, stature, and physical activity have been identified as the key contributors of overweight and obesity in such studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and cardiorespiratory profiles of urban schoolchildren aged 10-14 years in Douala, Cameroon

Assomo¹,

Temfemo²,

Ndongo³

et al. 2020

jhse

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Little information is known concerning the no-self-reported measures of physical activity among African schoolchildren despite alarming prevalence of the cardiometabolic risk factors such as overweight and obesity. This study aims to evaluate some physical and cardiorespiratory profiles among schoolchildren from two government high schools (S1, S2) in Douala, Cameroon. One hundred and seventy-six (176) schoolchildren (114 boys and 62 girls) aged 10-14 years underwent a 9 minutes run test. At the end of the test, distance covered (D), peak and recovery heart rates (Peak HR, HRR) were determined. Prior to testing session, anthropometric data (i.e. height and weight) were taken using a standard protocol and the body max index (BMI) was also calculated. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was estimated at the end of the test. Most of schoolchildren (97%) have normal weight. But D (m) was higher compared to some of those observed in Caucasians. D for girls was significantly (p<0.0001) lower than that of the boys. No significant (p>0.05) variation was found in BMI, Peak HR and HRR among the schoolchildren. However, significant (p<0.05) variation was detected in D for girls in S2 on a reduced track (278m) as compared to that of D for girls in S1 on a larger track (400m). Negative correlation was found between D and RPE (r = -0.220, p=0.003). These results present some differences on body composition, physical and cardiorespiratory profiles among Cameroonian schoolchildren in accordance with gender and space perception.

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Overweight and obesity in children aged 3–13 years in urban Cameroon: a cross-sectional study of prevalence and association with socio-economic status

Cited by 33 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in rural Tanzania

Prevalence and risk factors associated with malnutrition among adolescents in rural Tanzania

Mid-Upper-Arm Circumference and Arm-to-Height Ratio to Identify Obesity in School-Age Children

Physical and cardiorespiratory profiles of urban schoolchildren aged 10-14 years in Douala, Cameroon

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