Overweight and obesity as risk factors for COVID-19-associated hospitalisations and death: systematic review and meta-analysis

Sawadogo, Wendemi; Tsegaye, Medhin; Gizaw, Andinet; Adera, Tilahun

doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000375

Cited by 90 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A recent meta-analysis studied the impact of COVID-19 on overweight and obese patients, as well as the risk factors associated with hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality. The researchers discovered that being overweight increases the risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization but not mortality, but that obesity and severe obesity increase the risk of both hospitalization and death associated with COVID-19 [ 51 ]. Additionally, a linear dose–response relationship was seen between obesity categories and COVID-19 results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Dynamic Comparison of COVID-19 Pandemic Waves

Fericean

Cîtu

Manolescu

et al. 2022

JCM

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There are few data on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 viral manifestations in obese and overweight persons during each of the five waves that occurred in Romania during the last two years. As such, the purpose of this research was to characterize the variance in case severity, symptomatology, ICU hospitalizations, and mortality among overweight and obese individuals infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. We included 250 overweight and obese patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, where 50 patients were selected from each of the five pandemic waves that existed in Romania until March 2022. A total of 113 patients with normal body mass index were included in the study. They were matched with overweight and obese patients by age, gender, and cardiovascular comorbidities to avoid the effect of confounding factors. Between the five waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania, the present investigation found substantial changes in overweight and obese patient features. Obesity increases the risk of hospitalization, severe complications, and mortality from COVID-19. However, this unique demographic is disproportionately affected by obesity-related comorbidities, which contribute to these adverse outcomes. We advocate for the development of new guiding principles for the formulation of healthcare strategies aimed at high-prevalence special populations such as overweight and obese individuals, while also promoting pandemic containment and avoiding the recurrence of pandemic waves with the same guidelines that proved detrimental in terms of economic and human life loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Dynamic Comparison of COVID-19 Pandemic Waves

Fericean

Cîtu

Manolescu

et al. 2022

JCM

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“… 48 Reduced mobility and comorbid cardiovascular disease often seen in morbid obesity can increase rates of hospitalization and death in the setting of obesity and COVID‐19. 49 , 50 Adipose tissue in an obese individual is metabolically active because adipocytes produce interleukin (IL)‐6 and other cytokines predisposing to a prothrombotic state including increased activation of platelets and production of microparticles, in addition to producing plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1. 51 In cases of COVID‐19, obesity predisposes to further problems because adipose tissue, especially visceral fat, expresses the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor and therefore it has been suggested that fat is a reservoir for the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus.…”

Section: Hospitalization Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This thrombotic risk is noted particularly in COVID‐19 48 . Reduced mobility and comorbid cardiovascular disease often seen in morbid obesity can increase rates of hospitalization and death in the setting of obesity and COVID‐19 49,50 . Adipose tissue in an obese individual is metabolically active because adipocytes produce interleukin (IL)‐6 and other cytokines predisposing to a prothrombotic state including increased activation of platelets and production of microparticles, in addition to producing plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 51 .…”

Section: Hospitalization Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Good practice statements for antithrombotic therapy in the management of COVID‐19: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH

Spyropoulos

Connors

Douketis

et al. 2022

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis

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Despite the emergence of high quality randomized trial data with the use of antithrombotic agents to reduce the risk of thromboembolism, end‐organ failure, and possibly mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), questions still remain as to optimal patient selection for these strategies, the use of antithrombotics in outpatient settings and in‐hospital settings (including critical care units), thromboprophylaxis in special patient populations, and the management of acute thrombosis in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients. In October 2021, the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) formed a multidisciplinary and international panel of content experts, two patient representatives, and a methodologist to develop recommendations on treatment with anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents for COVID‐19 patients. The ISTH Guideline panel discussed additional topics to be well suited to a non‐Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) for Good Practice Statements (GPS) to support good clinical care in the antithrombotic management of COVID‐19 patients in various clinical settings. The GPS panel agreed on 17 GPS: 3 in the outpatient (pre‐hospital) setting, 12 in the hospital setting both in non‐critical care (ward) as well as intensive care unit settings, and 2 in the immediate post‐hospital discharge setting based on limited evidence or expert opinion that supports net clinical benefit in enacting the statements provided. The antithrombotic therapies discussed in these GPS should be available in low‐ and middle‐income countries.

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“…Furthermore, obesity weakens the immune system and enhances inflammation and as a consequence, obese individuals are more susceptible to infectious diseases (Pugliese et al, 2022). In the case of SARS COVID 19, obesity increases the risk of both COVID-19-related hospitalization and death (Sawadogo et al, 2022). Being overweight, and obese are also significantly associated with long-term psychosocial and economic problems on an individual level (Ford and Mokdad, 2008;Wang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial differences in childhood and adolescent obesity according to sex and migrant status in Vienna, Austria

Kirchengast¹,

Hagmann

2022

HBPH

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Background The marked spatial differences in the prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity rates within cities are mainly due to environmental characteristics of individual intracity areas. This is the first analysis of spatial differences in the prevalence of overweight/obesity among children in the Austrian capital Vienna. Subjects and methods In the medical-record-based study, the weight status of 1611 Viennese school children of lower socioeconomic backgrounds at the ages of six, ten, and 15 years from 46 randomly selected public secondary schools were included. Medical data have been obtained at schools by trained members of the Medical school authority. Besides effects of sex and background of migration, associations between weight status and the natural as well as social environments of the residential and school districts were analyzed. Since the 23 political districts of Vienna differ markedly in socioeconomic and environmental characteristics, a comparison between the districts was carried out. Results Especially high overweight and obesity rates were found for the socially disadvantaged areas of the 10th, 12th, and 15th political district of Vienna. Children living and attending schools in better-off districts had lower rates of overweight and obesity, despite their low social status. The most important factors influencing overweight and obesity were parameters of the social environment and characteristics of the residential area of the children. Significant associations between the body mass index and unemployment rates, average monthly income, the educational level of the district population, the proportion of migrants in the district, and sociodemographic cluster areas could be observed. This was equally true for girls and boys, as well as children with or without a migrant background. Conclusion In general, socially disadvantaged, inner-city areas showed extremely high prevalence rates of obesity.

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Overweight and obesity as risk factors for COVID-19-associated hospitalisations and death: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 90 publications

References 15 publications

Characterization and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Dynamic Comparison of COVID-19 Pandemic Waves

Characterization and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Dynamic Comparison of COVID-19 Pandemic Waves

Good practice statements for antithrombotic therapy in the management of COVID‐19: Guidance from the SSC of the ISTH

Spatial differences in childhood and adolescent obesity according to sex and migrant status in Vienna, Austria

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