Overview on Grid-Forming Inverter Control Methods

Unruh, Peter; Nuschke, Maria; Strauß, Philipp; Welck, Friedrich

doi:10.3390/en13102589

Cited by 175 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…In the review presented in [23], Unruh et al discussed several methods for the evaluation of different control approaches for grid-forming inverters. Grid-forming inverters are able to operate AC grids with or without rotating machines.…”

Section: Published Papers Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control

Alexandridis¹

2020

Energies

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This Special Issue of Energies, “Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control”, addresses the core problem of deploying novel aspects in the analysis of modern power systems as these are composed after the high penetration of distributed generation (DG) with different renewable energy sources (RES). The focus is given either on the new whole power and control system configuration or on individual cases of DG sources, power converters and other general or specific plants and devices. The problem can be tackled with different methodologies and may have several, more or less valuable and complicated solutions. The twenty-three accepted papers certainly offer a good contribution in a wide range of applications; they are extended from basic system theory perspectives, fundamental nonlinear analysis tools and novel modeling deployments to some interesting particular system and control issues.

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Section: Published Papers Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control

Alexandridis¹

2020

Energies

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“…The aim of this section is not to propose a review of the various types of grid-forming control (to this purpose the reader may refer to [90]) but to introduce some fundamental thoughts about this control and clearly characterize the influence of the choice of the control on: the management of the active power which is, till now, the major aim most of the power electronic converters; the type of grid frequency support which is provided by the converter.…”

Section: Fundamental Considerations On Grid-forming Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of converter-interfaced generation

Paolone

Gaunt

Guillaud

et al. 2020

Electric Power Systems Research

147

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This survey paper discusses the fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of large amounts of converter-interfaced generation (CIG). By referring to real-life events characterised by anomalous dynamics associated to the presence of CIG, the concepts of narrow versus broad band signals are first recalled along with the limitation of the meaning of apparent power, power factor and reactive power. In this regard, the adequacy of the phasor representation of voltages and currents waveforms is thoroughly discussed. Then, with respect to the central subject of control of power converters, a revised definition of grid-following and grid-forming converters is provided along with a thorough discussion of their associated controls and a comprehensive classification for both classes of converters. Several applications inspired by actual case studies are included in the paper in order to provide realistic application examples.

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“…The fundamental concept behind the matching control is the duality between the DC-link voltage and angular velocity dynamics [30], as shown in Fig. 2, and described by (2).…”

Section: B Matching Control Based Damping Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Damping Control Method for Grid-Forming Converters Using LQR and Optimally Weighted Feedback Control Loops

et al. 2021

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Power grid pattern is expected to evolve from generator-based power systems towards converter-based systems in the forthcoming decades. Therefore, grid-forming converters will be pertinent to interconnected power grids in pursuance of enhancement their resilience against disturbances. This paper introduces a new efficient damping control method for gridforming converters that provides a smooth power modulation and an efficient damping response against frequency and voltage deviations. First, an averaged state-space representation for a grid forming application in dq synchronization frame is derived. Based on this model, a new hybrid damping controller, including the concept of state feedback control and PI control, is proposed to address the main issues in existing controllers. The state feedback controller is optimally designed using a linearquadratic regulator (LQR) approach to optimize the system performance. Moreover, the PI controller is optimally designed using the pattern search algorithm. The proposed damping control method integrates optimally between the control loops through a mapping matrix to rapidly synchronize with the grid and efficiently damp the oscillations. Simulations are carried out to prove the proposed method robustness. Finally, a comparative study using controller hardware-in-the-loop (CHiL) is employed against conventional system to validate the proposed damping method.INDEX TERMS Grid-forming converters, inverter dominated grid, weak grid, virtual inertia, damping emulation, distributed generation, LQR design, pattern search.

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Overview on Grid-Forming Inverter Control Methods

Cited by 175 publications

References 53 publications

Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control

Modern Power System Dynamics, Stability and Control

Fundamentals of power systems modelling in the presence of converter-interfaced generation

Improved Damping Control Method for Grid-Forming Converters Using LQR and Optimally Weighted Feedback Control Loops

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