2023
DOI: 10.3390/app13042051
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Overview on Different Types of Solar Cells: An Update

Abstract: Solar energy is free from noise and environmental pollution. It could be used to replace non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels, which are in limited supply and have negative environmental impacts. The first generation of solar cells was made from crystalline silicon. They were relatively efficient, however very expensive because they require a lot of energy to purify the silicon. Nowadays, the production of solar cells has been improved since the first generation (thin-film solar cells, dye-sensitized sol… Show more

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Cited by 22 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…However, they face challenges due to the toxic nature of their materials and their limited abundance in nature. [ 65 ] Third‐generation SCs represent the latest PV technologies, offering the potential for integration into wearable devices. They can be further categorized based on material types, such as dye‐sensitized SCs (DSSCs), perovskite SCs (PSCs), organic SCs (OSCs), and quantum dot SCs.…”
Section: Ambient Energy Harvesting Technologiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, they face challenges due to the toxic nature of their materials and their limited abundance in nature. [ 65 ] Third‐generation SCs represent the latest PV technologies, offering the potential for integration into wearable devices. They can be further categorized based on material types, such as dye‐sensitized SCs (DSSCs), perovskite SCs (PSCs), organic SCs (OSCs), and quantum dot SCs.…”
Section: Ambient Energy Harvesting Technologiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Numerous hundreds of publications have reported the synthesis, photophysical properties, and use of conjugated polymers in OPVs. Several reviews have gathered these papers [54][55][56], emphasizing the polymerization strategy [57], the role of specific building blocks [58][59][60][61], the improvement of the active layer or cell technology [9,62,63], the achievement of transparent BHJ photoactive layers and devices [54,64], or their morphological design strategies for improving charge carrier mobilities [65]. Recently, conjugated polymer-based bulk heterojunction solar cells have exhibited high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) up to 18.22% in 2020 [66] and up to 19.3% in a single-junction cell in 2022 [67].…”
Section: Polymer-based Systemsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have rapidly become attractive due to their solution-processability, low cost, light weight, flexibility, semi-transparency, and optical tunability advantages. Since the pioneering works of Tang on organic solar cells (OSCs) [6], different concepts have been proposed for OSCs' elaboration [7][8][9]. The organic photovoltaic effect originates from electronic phenomena resulting from interaction of π-conjugated semiconducting organic materials with solar light.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are progressively replacing traditional solar cells [1,2]. Hybrid organic-inorganic PSCs significant improvement in power conversion efficiency (PCE), from 3.8% to 25.8%, indicates its future potential.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%