Overview on Association of Different Types of Leukemias With Radiation Exposure

Abstract

Exposure to ionizing radiation is associated with increasing risk of various types of hematological malignancies. The results of major studies on association of leukemias and radiation exposure of large populations in Japan and in Ukraine are analyzed. The patterns of different types of leukemia in 295 Chernobyl clean-up workers diagnosed according to the criteria of up-to-date World Health Organization classification within 10–25 years following Chernobyl catastrophe are summarized. In fact, a broad spectrum of radiation-related hematological malignancies has been revealed both in Life Span Study in Japan and in study of Chernobyl clean-up workers in Ukraine. The importance of the precise diagnosis of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues according to up-to-date classifications for elucidating the role of radiation as a causative factor of leukemias is emphasized. Such studies are of high importance since according to the recent findings, radiation-associated excess risks of several types of leukemias seem to persist throughout the follow-up period up to 55 years after the radiation exposure.

Study of Indicators for Early and Rapid Diagnosis of Radiation Injury Is the Most Important in Patients With Cancer During Radiotherapy

“…Through the study on the exposed persons of Hiroshima atomic bomb explosion in Japan and the cleanup personnel of chernobyl nuclear explosion accident, it was found that the incidence of leukemia increased with the increase in the exposure dose, among which the top 3 incidence rates were acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic myelogenous leukemia. 17…”

Bone marrow adipocytes and multiple myeloma

“…Причины развития ММ окончательно не выяснены. Среди возможных этиологических факторов -генетическая предрасположенность, длительная стимуляция иммунной системы при частых инфекциях, аутоиммунных и аллергических заболеваниях, контакт с химическими мутагенами (асбест, инсектициды) и воздействие ионизирующего излучения [9,10]. В частности, выявлено статистически значимое превышение уровня заболеваемости ММ в когорте украинских ликвидаторов последствий аварии на Чернобыльской атомной электростанции по сравнению со спонтанным популяционным уровнем для мужского населения Украины (стандартизованное отношение заболеваемости 1,61; 95 % доверительный интервал 1,01-2,21) [10].…”