“…Previous studies emphasized that the impacts of tourism development come under three categories namely, economic impacts, sociocultural impacts, and environmental impacts (Gursoy et al, 2018;Liu & Li, 2018;Nunkoo, Smith, & Ramkissoon, 2013). Each impact has a positive and negative influence on the local residents' attitudes and perceptions of the destination (Gursoy et al, 2018;Kim, Uysal, & Sirgy, 2013;Loureiro, Sarmento, & do Rosário, 2019;Lundberg, 2017;Nunkoo, 2011;Sharpley, 2014;Stylidis et al, 2014;Teye et al, 2002). Thus, the measurement of tourism impacts is based on residents' attitudes and perceptions on economic, sociocultural, environmental effects of tourism development (Lundberg, 2017;Nunkoo & Gursoy, 2012;Sharma & Gursoy, 2015).…”