Overview of the role of Shiga toxins in porcine edema disease pathogenesis

Shiga toxin 2eB‐transgenic lettuce vaccine is effective in protecting weaned piglets from edema disease caused by Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli infection

“…However, even certainly symptoms of ED were observed as described above, no dead or dying piglet was produced during the observation period in this study. It may be difficult to reproduce the typical pathogenic symptoms of ED by artificial infection of STEC (Casanova et al, ), possibly because of different conditions of genetic background of piglets, pathogenic potential of the challenged STEC, or circumstances of the piglet‐bleeding pens. To overcome such difficulties to reproduce ED in piglet infection model, we established improved model that deprived colostrum feeding in newborn piglets after this study, which enhanced ED pathogenicity by oral challenge of STEC (Sato et al, ).…”

“…Another point to be solved was the less pathogenicity of ED by orally challenged virulent STEC strains in this study. Normally, ED is life-threatening severe infection in piglets and lethality rate was reported to be 50%-90% in sporadic cases (Casanova, Redondo, Dailoff, Arenas, & Fernández Miyakawa, 2018). Actually previous experimental infection of STEC KY010 strain caused approximately 50% lethality from 6 to 8 days from the first day of challenge (Makino et al, 2001).…”

“…However, even certainly symptoms of ED were observed as described above, no dead or dying piglet was produced during the observation period in this study. It may be difficult to reproduce the typical pathogenic symptoms of ED by artificial infection of STEC (Casanova et al, 2018), possibly because of different conditions of genetic background of piglets, pathogenic potential of the challenged STEC, or circumstances of the piglet-bleeding pens.…”

Detection and isolation of Shiga Toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains in caecal samples from pigs at slaughter in Italy

“…Some STEC strains cause oedema disease in pigs, a peracute often-fatal enterotoxemia affecting primarily healthy animals after weaning (Cornick et al 1999). Clinically, the disease is characterized by swelling of the eyelids, typical squeal or snoring sound, neurologic signs and subcutaneous and submucosal oedema in various tissues (Casanova et al 2018). Occurrence of the disease depends on several variables, such as diet, environmental factors, stress factors, immunity and genetic resistance.…”

“…Occurrence of the disease depends on several variables, such as diet, environmental factors, stress factors, immunity and genetic resistance. Lethality rate is high and range from 50% to 90% with frequent recurrences (Casanova et al 2018).…”