Overview of the phylogenetic relationships of some southern Brazilian species from section Torva and related sections of “spiny Solanum” (Solanum subgenus Leptostemonum, Solanaceae)

Abstract

One of the major concerns of conservation biology is the knowledge on biodiversity. Many taxa have not yet been described and plant taxonomists are working hard to change this situation. This work presents a taxonomic overview of Solanum section Torva, from South Brazil, which still poorly understood. The section includes species known as "jurubeba" which are of considerable interest because of their pharmacological properties. Despite their higher economic value, it is difficult to identify the "jurubebas" correctly due to their taxonomic problems. A few questions on evolution concerning phylogenetic relationships in this section and other related sections of subgenus Leptostemonum were investigated to clarify the species circumscription and taxonomic issues. Eighty samples were analysed based on sequence variability of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, as well as the chloroplast intron trnL, trnL-trnF and trnS-trnG spacers. Five different matrixes were analyzed as the basis for a phylogenetic approach. The combined data from the chloroplast analyses formed well-supported trees. Solanum section Torva was proposed as a monophyletic group and it is close to S. melongena, S. jamaicense and S. sisymbriifolium.

Assessment of an organ-specific de novo transcriptome of the nematode trap-crop, Solanum sisymbriifolium

“…In doing so, we concluded that nuclear SSI was most closely related to eggplant, which has been noted previously (Särkinen et al ., 2015), while chloroplast SSI was more closely related to tomato. This dichotomy has also been seen by others (Miz et al ., 2008) and interpreted to indicate that SSI had undergone an ancient hybridization and afterwards retained the chloroplast genome from one parent, and much of the nuclear genome from another. However, many more SSI genes will have to be compared with the genes of many more South American plants to confirm that this hybridization occurred.…”

Phylogenetic relationships in Solanaceae and related species based on cpDNA sequence from plastid trnE-trnT region

“…matK, ndhF, psaB and trnL-trnF) have been widely used for inferring phylogeny in plants (Chiang and Schaal 2000, Oxelman et al 1999, Soltis et al 2000, Miz et al 2008). Supposed to evolve more rapidly than coding regions, chloroplast non-coding DM Melotto-Passarin et al sequences such as the intergenic spacer between the trnL (UUA) 3´ exon and the trnF (GAA) gene (Neves et al 2005, Miz et al 2008, the atpB-rbcL spacer (Chiang andSchaal 2000, Soltis et al 2000) and trnC-trnD spacer (Lee and Wen 2004) have been used to address questions concerning relationships among related species or also related genera. Clarkson et al (2004) studied the phylogenetic relationships in Nicotiana (Solanaceae) inferred from the plastid DNA regions trnL intron, trnL-F spacer, trnS-G spacer and two genes, ndhF and matK.…”

Phenotype and molecular diversity evaluation of some wild 2n Solanum species (super series Rotata)

“…Taxonomy of the genus Solanum based on the variability of morphological characters and phenology of plants had a long tradition (Correll, 1962;Okada and Clausen, 1983;Hawkes, 1990;Bradshaw and Mackay, 1994;Ochoa, 2004), but with the development of molecular analysis of nucleic acids, the polymorphism of different nuclear DNA regions i.e. mtDNA and cpDNA introns and non-coding intergenic spacers offers higher potential to clarify phylogeny of the genus (Kocyan et al, 2007;Miz et al, 2008). Also molecular markers are particularly attractive while they provide a direct estimation of genetic diversity and can help in the selection of parents that guarantee a superior genetic combination (Bisognin and Douches, 2002;Carputo et al, 2013) what is necessary in ex situ systems of biodiversity maintaining.…”