Overview of the Microcirculation

Johnson, Paul C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374530-9.00022-x

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…The two plexuses are connected to each other by ascending arterioles and descending venules. Arterio-venous anastomoses are also found in the skin, especially in the upper dermis, and these allow for faster inflow into the veins without passage through the capillary network (Jonsson, 2008;Sonksen & Craggs, 1999).…”

Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of Microcirculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Repositioning in Pressure Ulcer Prevention

Källman¹

2015

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Section: Anatomy and Physiology Of Microcirculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Repositioning in Pressure Ulcer Prevention

Källman¹

2015

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“…The main function of the microcirculation is to deliver nutrients to and remove waste products from the various tissues as well as support the exchange of respiratory gasses. It also plays an essential role in fluid exchange between blood and tissue, delivery of hormones from endocrine glands to target organs, and bulk delivery between organs for storage or synthesis and provides a line of defence against pathogens [2]. An ideal technique for measurement of tissue oxygenation should provide quantitative, accurate and reproducible real-time information about oxygen supply and utilization in specific tissue beds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Doppler Flowmetry Evaluation of the Microcirculation in Dentistry

Todea¹,

Canjau²,

Miron³

et al. 2016

Microcirculation Revisited - From Molecules to Clinical Practice

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This chapter presents the most important features of laser Doppler (LD) techniques: LD flowmetry (LDF) and LD imaging (LDI), together with examples of their clinical applications in dentistry. LDF gives a constant estimation of blood flow at a specified point, whereas LDI gives a 'snapshot' of perfusion at a given point. These methods are non-invasive laser-based techniques for monitoring gingival and pulpal blood flow and could be used as a diagnostic tool. In paediatric dentistry and odontology, LDF proved to be an atraumatic real-time method used for determining the tooth vitality by monitoring the pulp microcirculation in traumatized teeth, fractured teeth and teeth undergoing different conservative treatments (e.g. bleaching, dental preparation for prosthetic restorations, etc.). In periodontology, recent studies showed the ability of LDF to evaluate the health of gingival tissue in different types of periodontal diseases. By using LDF, it is also possible to evaluate the outcome after different periodontal treatments. The laser Doppler line scanning can be used for recording the gingival healing process after a surgical procedure in the anterior area of the oral cavity.

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“…[1][2][3][4] Pathological alterations in RBC deformability have been associated with various diseases 5 such as malaria, 6,7 sickle cell anemia, 8 diabetes, 9 hereditary disorders, 10 myocardial infarction, 11 and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). 12 Because of its pathophysiological importance, measurement of RBC deformability has been the focus of numerous studies over the past decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical properties of red blood cells in health and disease towards microfluidics

2014

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Red blood cells (RBCs) possess a unique capacity for undergoing cellular deformation to navigate across various human microcirculation vessels, enabling them to pass through capillaries that are smaller than their diameter and to carry out their role as gas carriers between blood and tissues. Since there is growing evidence that red blood cell deformability is impaired in some pathological conditions, measurement of RBC deformability has been the focus of numerous studies over the past decades. Nevertheless, reports on healthy and pathological RBCs are currently limited and, in many cases, are not expressed in terms of well-defined cell membrane parameters such as elasticity and viscosity. Hence, it is often difficult to integrate these results into the basic understanding of RBC behaviour, as well as into clinical applications. The aim of this review is to summarize currently available reports on RBC deformability and to highlight its association with various human diseases such as hereditary disorders (e.g., spherocytosis, elliptocytosis, ovalocytosis, and stomatocytosis), metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity), adenosine triphosphate-induced membrane changes, oxidative stress, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Microfluidic techniques have been identified as the key to develop state-of-the-art dynamic experimental models for elucidating the significance of RBC membrane alterations in pathological conditions and the role that such alterations play in the microvasculature flow dynamics. V C 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

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Overview of the Microcirculation

Cited by 29 publications

References 127 publications

Evaluation of Repositioning in Pressure Ulcer Prevention

Evaluation of Repositioning in Pressure Ulcer Prevention

Laser Doppler Flowmetry Evaluation of the Microcirculation in Dentistry

Biomechanical properties of red blood cells in health and disease towards microfluidics

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