Overview of the Arctic Sea State and Boundary Layer Physics Program

Thomson, Jim; Ackley, Stephen F.; Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Babanin, Alexander V.; Boutin, Guillaume; Brozena, J. M.; Cheng, Sukun; Collins, Clarence O.; Doble, M; Fairall, C. W.; Guest, Peter; Gebhardt, Claus; Gemmrich, Johannes; Graber, Hans C.; Holt, Benjamin; Lehner, Susanne; Lund, Björn; Meylan, Michael H.; Maksym, Ted; Montiel, Fabien; Perrie, William; Persson, Ola; Rainville, Luc; Rogers, W. Erick; Shen, Hui; Shen, Hayley H.; Squire, Vernon A.; Stammerjohn, Sharon; Stopa, Justin E.; Smith, Madison; Sutherland, Peter Cormack; Wadhams, Peter

doi:10.1002/2018jc013766

Cited by 123 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(110 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

135

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A summary of the Sea State Program and measurement campaign can be found in Thomson (2015) and Thomson et al (2018). The measurement campaign included arrays of wave buoys deployed in frazil and/or pancake ice during 7 Wave Experiments (WE) from October to November 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice Turbulence

Voermans

Babanin

Thomson

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The dissipation of wave energy in the marginal ice zone is often attributed to wave scattering and the dissipative mechanisms associated with the ice layer. In this study we present observations indicating that turbulence generated by the differential velocity between the sea ice cover and the orbital wave motion may be an important dissipative mechanism of wave energy. Through field measurements of under‐ice turbulence dissipation rates in pancake and frazil ice, it is shown that turbulence‐induced wave attenuation coefficients are in agreement with observed wave attenuation in the marginal ice zone. The results suggest that the turbulence‐induced attenuation rates can be parameterized by the characteristic wave properties and a coefficient. The coefficient is determined by the ice layer properties.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice Turbulence

Voermans

Babanin

Thomson

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sikuliaq 2015 Arctic Sea State research cruise track with locations of ice stations (a) and aerial photo mosaic of Ice Station 1 (b) and a photo of Ice Station 5 from the ship's bridge (c). Base map adopted from Thomson et al (), which shows the sea surface temperature anomaly (colors, derived from sea surface temperature data available at https://mur.jpl.nasa.gov) and ice cover (gray scale, derived from AMSR2, data available at https://seaice.uni‐bremen.de) in the western Arctic on 1 October 2015.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Isotope Clues to the Formation and Evolution of Refrozen Melt Ponds on Arctic Sea Ice

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sea ice is one of the determining parameters of the climate system. The presence of melt ponds on the surface of Arctic sea ice plays a critical role in the mass balance of sea ice. A total of nine cores was collected from multiyear ice refrozen melt ponds and adjacent hummocks during the 2015 Arctic Sea State research cruise. The depth profiles of water isotopes, salinity, and ice texture for these sea ice cores were examined to provide information about the development of refrozen melt ponds and water balance generation processes, which are otherwise difficult to acquire. The presence of meteoric water with low oxygen isotope values as relatively thin layers indicates melt pond water stability and little mixing during formation and refreezing. The hydrochemical characteristics of refrozen melt pond and seawater depth profiles indicate little snowmelt enters the upper ocean during melt pond refreezing. Due to the seasonal characters of deuterium excess for Arctic precipitation, water balance calculations utilizing two isotopic tracers (oxygen isotope and deuterium excess) suggest that besides the melt of snow cover, the precipitation input in the melt season may also play a role in the evolution of melt ponds. The dual‐isotope mixing model developed here may become more valuable in a future scenario of increasing Arctic precipitation. The layers of meteoric origin were found at different depths in the refrozen melt pond ice cores. Surface topography information collected at several core sites was examined for possible explanations of different structures of refrozen melt ponds.

show abstract

“…Here we use both remote sensing and in situ wave data from the Sea State 2015 experiment (Thomson et al, , ), which covered the freeze‐up of the Beaufort Sea over the month of October 2015. We particularly focus on the “Wave Array 3” deployment on 11–13 October that was marked by a strong storm with wind speeds from the east exceeding 15 m/s, as measured from the R/V Sikuliaq, and wave heights up to 4.5 m (as detailed below).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave Attenuation Through an Arctic Marginal Ice Zone on 12 October 2015: 2. Numerical Modeling of Waves and Associated Ice Breakup

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many processes that affect ocean surface gravity waves in sea ice give rise to attenuation rates that vary with both wave frequency and amplitude. Here we particularly test the possible effects of basal friction, scattering by ice floes, and dissipation in the ice layer due to dislocations, and ice breakup by the waves. The possible influence of these processes is evaluated in the marginal ice zone of the Beaufort Sea, where extensive wave measurements were performed. The wave data includes in situ measurements and the first kilometer‐scale map of wave heights provided by Sentinel‐1 SAR imagery on 12 October 2015, up to 400 km into the ice. We find that viscous friction at the base of an ice layer gives a dissipation rate that may be too large near the ice edge, where ice is mostly in the form of pancakes. Further into the ice, where larger floes are present, basal friction is not sufficient to account for the observed attenuation. In both regions, the observed narrow directional wave spectra are consistent with a parameterization that gives a weak effect of wave scattering by ice floes. For this particular event, with a dominant wave period around 10 s, we propose that wave attenuation is caused by ice flexure combined with basal friction that is reduced when the ice layer is not continuous. This combination gives realistic wave heights, associated with a 100–200 km wide region over which the ice is broken by waves, as observed in SAR imagery.

show abstract

Overview of the Arctic Sea State and Boundary Layer Physics Program

Cited by 123 publications

References 77 publications

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice Turbulence

Wave Attenuation by Sea Ice Turbulence

Stable Isotope Clues to the Formation and Evolution of Refrozen Melt Ponds on Arctic Sea Ice

Wave Attenuation Through an Arctic Marginal Ice Zone on 12 October 2015: 2. Numerical Modeling of Waves and Associated Ice Breakup

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About