Overview of some numerical techniques for the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering by wind turbines

Algar, Ma Jesus; Somolinos, Álvaro; Moreno, Javier; Gonzalez, I.; Cátedra, M.F.

doi:10.1109/eucap.2016.7481544

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The scaled model experiment is also a way to obtain radar echo of WTs array, but the problems it faces, including high cost, complicated process and inconvenient modification of model parameters; therefore, this way is often used to verify the correctness of numerical methods (Zhang et al , 2011; Kong et al , 2013; La et al , 2014; Bornkessel et al , 2016). As a result, studies tend to develop numerical methods to calculate or simulate the radar echo of WTs array (Chen, 2011; Jung et al , 2013; Karabayir et al , 2015; Coşkun et al , 2015; Algar et al , 2016; Zhang and Lin, 2014; Tang et al , 2017; Yang, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar echo simulation of wind turbines array based on scattering center

Tang

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

COMPEL

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Purpose This paper aims to propose a method for accurate radar echo simulation of wind turbines (WTs) array. It can solve the problem of passive interference from wind farms to neighboring radar stations. Design/methodology/approach First of all, the equivalent model of scattering centers of a single WT is obtained by using the spatial spectrum estimation method, and the accuracy of this model is verified by the scaled model experiment; then scattering centers model of WTs array was established by using the spatial coordinate transformation method. According to the position relationship between the model and the radar, and combined with the multipath scattering theory, the radar echo equation of WTs array was deduced. Finally, the simulation analysis is carried out with the four GoldWind 77/1500 WTs as an example and compared with the traditional methods. Findings This paper verifies the accuracy of the equivalent model of scattering centers through the WT scaled model experiment, and through simulation analysis, it is found that the result of this method is more consistent with the multipath scattering of radar echo between WTs array in practical engineering than the traditional method. Originality/value Based on the theory of high-frequency scattering, this paper introduces scattering centers into the solution of radar echo and considers the multipath scattering of radar echo, then a method for solving the radar echo of WTs array based on scattering centers is proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radar echo simulation of wind turbines array based on scattering center

Tang

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2022

COMPEL

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“…The other one is to deal with radar by filtering WT clutters from radar echoes, which is based on acquiring the unique Doppler features of wind turbine radar echoes (WTRE) [7][8][9]. While it is difficult to apply the methods of reducing RCS effectively in real wind farms [7], current research has mainly focused on obtaining WTRE accurately [8][9][10][11][12][13]. The experimental measurements of WTRE were facing problems including high cost, complicated process, and inconvenient modification of model parameters [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the huge size of WT and the high frequency of radar, the mathematical models involved in WTRE simulation are actually electromagnetic scattering problems of electrically large-sized items; thus, they are hard to solve using the method of moments (MoM) [13]. Therefore, the method of scattering point model was proposed in [10][11][12], which uses a set of linear disperse points to represent WT and simulate WTRE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and analysis of wind turbine radar echo based on 3-D scattering point model

Zhang¹,

Hao²,

Tang³

et al. 2020

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Wind turbine (WT) arrays in wind farms can cause serious interference on nearby radar stations. This interference could be filtered out if wind turbine radar echo (WTRE) can be obtained accurately. Considering the singleness of in-field experiments, numerical simulation became the majority among such works, but few of them reached necessary accuracy. Therefore, we propose a solution method of WTRE based on three-dimensional (3-D) scattering point model. Firstly, we use the nonuniform rational B-spline to build the 3-D model of WT. Secondly, based on the method of moments (MoM), the Rao-Wilton-Gisson (RWG) basis function is adopted to discretize the integral area of WTRE into triangular elements, which ensures the continuity of induced current on the surface of WT. Taking the centers of triangular elements as scattering point source, we obtain the 3-D point scattering model of WT, which is then used to derive the echo equation of WT and eventually time-frequency domain waveform of WTRE. The result presents high accuracy comparing with the traditional method and scaled model experiments in an anechoic chamber. Further analysis indicates that the proposed method can be used to estimate important parameters of an operating WT accurately.

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“…On this basis, depending on the structure under analysis, the engineer should determine which numerical technique (and software tool) is more suitable to perform an accurate and efficient analysis. For example, in Algar et al (2016), the authors studied the performance of different techniques applied to the problem that they would like to solve: the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering by wind turbines. As Prof. Itoh affirmed in Itoh (1985): "When a specific structure is analyzed, one has to make a choice of the method best suited for the structure.…”

Section: Chapter I Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigación en técnicas numéricas basadas en ecuación integral para el análisis y diseño de dispositivos de microondas para comunicaciones espaciales

Molina¹

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Overview of some numerical techniques for the analysis of the electromagnetic scattering by wind turbines

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Radar echo simulation of wind turbines array based on scattering center

Radar echo simulation of wind turbines array based on scattering center

Simulation and analysis of wind turbine radar echo based on 3-D scattering point model

Investigación en técnicas numéricas basadas en ecuación integral para el análisis y diseño de dispositivos de microondas para comunicaciones espaciales

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