Overview of Small-Scale Fisheries in Latin America and the Caribbean: Challenges and Prospects

Leis, Mirella de Oliveira; Barragán‐Paladines, María José; Saldaña, Alicia; Bishop, David; Jin, Jae Hong; Kereži, Vesna; Agapito, Melinda; Chuenpagdee, Ratana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-76078-0_2

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Here, we provide the first attempt to assess the thermal tolerances and acclimation capacity of South American freshwater fish. As mentioned above, neotropical fish represent the most diverse fish fauna worldwide and play a central role in the structure and function of these ecosystems (Toussaint et al, 2016); they are also an important source of food (de Oliveira Leis et al, 2019). However, as far we know, analyses of the spatial patterns of South American freshwater fish vulnerability are nonexistent.…”

Section: Background and Predictions Regarding Thermal Tolerance In South American Freshwater Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate vulnerability of South American freshwater fish: Thermal tolerance and acclimation

et al. 2021

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Freshwater fish are restricted by their physiology to rivers and lakes, and are generally limited in their capacity to disperse across basins. As a result, there is often a close match between the evolutionary history of river basins and their natural history. Thus, the regional landscape and ecological features, such as temperature, have shaped the evolution and adaptation of local fish assemblages. Climate change is expected to affect fish diversity and increase extinction, especially in low latitudes, and it has been suggested that species that inhabit low latitude species are more susceptible since they live close to their maximum thermal limits and have low capacity for acclimation. To understand the mechanisms of variation in thermal tolerance across a broad‐scale of South American fishes is fundamental to be able to assess the vulnerability of species and habitat to global warming. Herein, we present the first attempt to analyze the vulnerability of South American freshwater fish species, based on the review of upper thermal limits of 106 species from a broad range of latitudinal habitats. Our findings show that upper thermal limits decrease with latitude, while the thermal safety margin (TSM) increase. Furthermore, the latitude has little effects on the acclimation response ratio, and the TSM decreased with rising temperatures. These data suggest that thermal phenotypic acclimation has low potential for mitigating global warming. These results indicate that South American fish species living in tropical areas are more susceptible to global warming since they are already living close to their maximum habitat temperature.

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Section: Background and Predictions Regarding Thermal Tolerance In South American Freshwater Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate vulnerability of South American freshwater fish: Thermal tolerance and acclimation

et al. 2021

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“…No single relationship exists between total fishery yield and nutrient concentrations, therefore, the nutrient quality of a fishery is determined by the species composition (Hicks et al, 2019). A potential advantage of SSFs is that many are mixed species fisheries (de Oliveira Leis et al, 2019), and therefore, coastal populations may consume different species on a day‐to‐day basis, which potentially enhances the overall quality of the diet by providing a range of micronutrients. Additionally, the way in which fish are prepared and consumed (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do small‐scale fisheries have the capacity to provide food security to coastal populations?

Canty

Deichmann

2022

Fish and Fisheries

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Whilst total global fisheries landed catches declined from 1950 to 2016, small‐scale fisheries (SSFs) landed catches increased. Amongst SSFs landed catches, approximately 95% are consumed domestically. Taken together, these highlight the importance of the potential for SSFs to contribute to food security and well‐being of coastal populations, particularly in Developing Economy Countries (DECs). We used the Sea Around Us database to evaluate long‐term trends of marine SSFs landed catches in 85 DECs. We analyse whether yields from SSFs have the capacity to provide the coastal populations of DECs with a recommended annual intake (RAI) of 10.6 kg of fish per person, and how that capacity has changed over the period of 1960 to 2016. We show that landed catches of SSFs increased in the majority of DECs evaluated from 1950 to 2016. However, in 2016, over one‐third of SSFs in DECs assessed did not have the capacity to provide the RAI of fish to coastal communities, and 64% of all SSFs assessed are exhibiting significant declines in their capacity to fulfil this need. Regional trends in providing RAI were highly variable, putting the long‐term sustainability and capacity of SSFs to contribute meaningfully to food security in doubt. This study demonstrates that landed catches of SSFs alone are not a useful proxy for food security. Implementation of proven effective management practices, policies to improve accessibility and consumption patterns, and the prioritization of small‐scale wild‐caught fisheries are needed to ensure the food security of billions of people in coastal communities.

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“…Throughout the Caribbean, SSFs tend to be both ailed by weak state-led governance and organized either through informal arrangements or through formally constituted fishing associations and cooperatives (de Oliveira Leis et al, 2019;Botto-Barrios & Saavedra-Dıáz, 2020;Rivera et al, 2021). This is the case for Puerto Rico, a territory of the United States, where a lack of enforcement and little participation from fishers in decision-making have characterized fisheries management as predominantly top-down (Peŕez, 2005;Arocho-Montes, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first question builds on how patterns in communication among fishers in the Caribbean have been explained by the presence of a community leader (Alexander et al, 2018), but not by more explicit differentiation of self-governance arrangements. Bonding social capital between fishers that are members of a common fishing association is expected to be stronger than between independent fishers, given the social benefits described for formally cooperative arrangements in other Latin American SSFs (de Oliveira Leis et al, 2019;Basurto et al, 2013a). In other words, cohesion is likely strengthened through fishers' associations, since sharing the same work organization facilitates the formation of relationships (Jasny et al, 2019;Oh et al, 2004) and trust (Becchetti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social cohesion and self-governance arrangements among small-scale fisheries in Puerto Rico

et al. 2022

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In small-scale fisheries that suffer from weak formal governance, fishers use a variety of institutional strategies to self-govern. These self-governance arrangements may or may not be forms of collective action, yet they rely on informal institutions (such as norms of reciprocity) in generating social cohesion among users so that common rules can be agreed upon. Social network perspectives have been used to understand the cohesiveness of fishers operating with different gear types or in different communities, yet less is known about how social cohesion differs between fishers that operate through formal cooperative arrangements, such as fishing associations, and independent fishers who operate solely at the community level through informal cooperation. Using mixed methods, we compared the social cohesion of commercial fishers arising from information-sharing and work-support networks in four fishing communities of north-eastern Puerto Rico, as they coped with prolonged hurricane recovery and the COVID-19 pandemic. A series of exponential random graph models (ERGMs) were applied to untangle the drivers of cohesion emerging from fisher’s information-sharing patterns. Fisher’s communication was driven not just by operating at the same landing site or using the same primary gear type, but also by choosing to organize their fishing under the same self-governance arrangement. Specifically, fishers that were members of fishing associations mostly communicated among themselves, while independent fishers talked across arrangements, indicating the role of fishing associations in fostering social cohesion. However, associated fishers were less likely to receive information than independent fishers, suggesting the need for targeted communication strategies within each group. Moreover, independent fishers had more work support ties and a greater diversity of supporting actors across the supply chain, suggesting their need for higher levels of linking social capital. Multiple social factors explained whether fishers choose to be members of fishing associations or remain independent, including trust in leaders and agreement on membership rules. These findings highlight the importance of knowing the cohesiveness of cooperation networks among small-scale fishers.

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Overview of Small-Scale Fisheries in Latin America and the Caribbean: Challenges and Prospects

Cited by 20 publications

References 67 publications

Climate vulnerability of South American freshwater fish: Thermal tolerance and acclimation

Climate vulnerability of South American freshwater fish: Thermal tolerance and acclimation

Do small‐scale fisheries have the capacity to provide food security to coastal populations?

Social cohesion and self-governance arrangements among small-scale fisheries in Puerto Rico

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