Overview of R&amp;D at TLK for process and analytical issues on tritium management in breeder blankets of ITER and DEMO

Demange, D.; Alecu, C.G.; Bekris, N.; Borisevich, O.; Bornschein, B.; Fischer, Sebastian; Gramlich, N.; Köllő, Z.; Le, T. L.; Michling, R.; Priester, F.; Röllig, M.; Schlösser, M.; Stämmler, S.; Sturm, M.; Wagner, Robert; Welte, S.

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2012.02.105

Cited by 38 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This dependency has a maximum at a cut ∼0.3, which corresponds to the optimal process parameter. This observation is also confirmed by a numerical simulation performed at TLK [6].…”

Section: Mixture H 2 /Hesupporting

confidence: 75%

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Experimental study of permeation and selectivity of zeolite membranes for tritium processes

Borisevich

Antunes

Demange

2015

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…This dependency has a maximum at a cut ∼0.3, which corresponds to the optimal process parameter. This observation is also confirmed by a numerical simulation performed at TLK [6].…”

Section: Mixture H 2 /Hesupporting

confidence: 75%

“…binary (H 2 /He) and ternary (H 2 /He/H 2 O) gas mixtures [6][7][8]. The results evidenced relatively high permeance but limited selectivity for single gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental study of permeation and selectivity of zeolite membranes for tritium processes

Borisevich

Antunes

Demange

2015

Fusion Engineering and Design

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“…With the respect to the first, there is hardly any reference method available for the compositional measurement of tritium mixtures, which provides sufficient trueness [10,7]. Certainly, at the Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe (TLK), a laboratory with renowned expertise in tritium analytics, no system is currently available to provide the required trueness.…”

Section: Experimental System and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate calibration of the laser Raman system for the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment

Schlösser

Rupp

Seitz

et al. 2013

Journal of Molecular Structure

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The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment aims to measure the neutrino mass via high-precision electron spectroscopy of the tritium β-decay with a sensitivity of m ν = 200 meV/c 2 (90% C.L.). This can only be achieved if systematic uncertainties are minimized. An important parameter is the isotopic composition of the tritium gas used as the gaseous β-electron source, which is measured inline by Raman spectroscopy. The KATRIN experiment requires a measurement trueness of better than 10% of said composition; to achieve this, accurate calibration of the Raman system for all hydrogen isotopologues (H 2 , HD, D 2 , HT, DT, T 2) is required. Here we present two independent calibration methods, namely (i) a gas sampling technique, which promises high accuracy, but which is difficult to apply to tritiated species; and (ii) an approach via theoretical Raman signals (theoretical intensities plus spectral sensitivity), which in principle includes all six isotopologues. For the latter method we incorporated ab-initio off-diagonal matrix elements of the polarizability from the literature; these have been verified by depolarization measurements. The system's spectral sensitivity was determined by a NIST-traceable SRM2242 luminescence standard. Both methods exhibited their individual merits and difficulties, but in cross calibration proved to be successful: a comparison for the non-radioactive

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“…The quantitative analysis and monitoring of hydrogen isotopologues are of great significance in tritium accountancy and process control in the China fusion engineering test reactor, which aims to bridge the gap between a fusion experimental reactor and a demonstration reactor . Due to its nondestructive, noncontact analytical characteristics, Raman spectroscopy has become a popular method in recent years . The principal drawback of this method is its low sensitivity, attributed to the intrinsic low Raman scattering cross section and low molecular number density in the gas phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple‐pass‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy for long‐term monitoring of hydrogen isotopologues

Chen

Huang

Wang

et al. 2019

J Raman Spectroscopy

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We report a variant of multiple‐pass Raman spectroscopy with enhanced sensitivity for engineering applications. A four‐mirror multiple pass cell is introduced and compared with the conventional two (concave)‐mirror configuration. With this system, gas samples in static cells are measured and monitored. The results show that the noise equivalent detection limit (3σn) close to 100 ppm for hydrogen isotopologues can be achieved within two seconds with a 1.5‐W red laser. The relative precision is characterized by long‐term measurement, and the results indicate high system stability. The signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) in different configurations are investigated, and results show that high (greater than nine) SNR gain is achieved in the configuration of 12 passes. This newly designed Raman system is highly stable and suitable for fast and precise in‐line monitoring of hydrogen isotopologue mixtures, as well as other (hazardous) gas samples.

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Overview of R&D at TLK for process and analytical issues on tritium management in breeder blankets of ITER and DEMO

Cited by 38 publications

References 44 publications

Experimental study of permeation and selectivity of zeolite membranes for tritium processes

Experimental study of permeation and selectivity of zeolite membranes for tritium processes

Accurate calibration of the laser Raman system for the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment

Multiple‐pass‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy for long‐term monitoring of hydrogen isotopologues

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