Overview of Pleurotus spp., edible fungi with various functional properties

Abstract

Pleurotus fungi, also known as basidiomycetous fungi, have been a part of human culture for thousands of years. They exhibit anticancer, antitumor, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory effects, having biotechnological, medicinal, and aesthetic applications. They are also versatile, highly resistant to illnesses and pests, and do not require special growing conditions. These properties make them readily marketable, and can be found in supermarkets worldwide, generating multimillion-dollar sale revenues. The global edible mushroom market was valued at USD 5.08 billion in 2021, which is expected to grow to USD 6.43 billion in 2028. China produces about 87% of Pleurotus spp. globally; other Asian countries generate 12%, and Europe and America account for approximately 1%. Pleurotus spp. have distinct functional characteristics, including high protein content with a proper essential amino acid score pattern, dietary fibre profile, high amounts of vitamins (e.g., B and D) and minerals (e.g., Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se), and low fat. Therefore, Pleurotus spp. can provide alternative industrial tools. The present review discusses Pleurotus spp. as biotechnological tools for acquiring metabolites of interest, studying them, and analysing bioactive substances that can be used in various fields, including medicine and food.

Exploring the Effects of Different Drying Methods on Related Differential Metabolites of Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer Based on Untargeted Metabolomics

“…According to the literature, the fruit body of PCS is rich in metabolites such as polysaccharides, phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids [ 5 , 6 ], with potential pharmacological activity against neoplastic [ 3 ], displays antioxidant activities [ 3 ], immune regulatory effects [ 7 ], and it has a key role in regulating blood sugar [ 8 ] and lowering blood pressure and cholesterol [ 9 ]. Meanwhile, the lectin extract from the PCS fruit body exhibits potent anti-inflammatory effects [ 10 ]. Not only that, novel polysaccharides found in the PCS mycelium also possess favorable hypoglycemic activity [ 11 ] and immunomodulation activity [ 12 ].…”

Optimization of Plasma Activated Water Extraction of Pleurotus ostreatus Polysaccharides on Its Physiochemical and Biological Activity Using Response Surface Methodology

“…The proclivity of the cosmetic industry toward natural and sustainable ingredients suggests the potential integration of POPs into skincare and beauty products. Staying informed about industry trends and current scientific research in this domain is imperative for a more comprehensive understanding of POP use [6,7]. With the advancement of extraction technology, the study of the active compounds and biological activities of P. ostreatus has become prominent in recent years [5].…”