Overview of MS and MALDI MS for Polymer Analysis

Li, Liang

doi:10.1002/9780470567234.ch1

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The various causes for such bias are related to the sample preparation (choice of matrix, sample solubility and concentration in different solvents, cationization agents, and deposition technique), instrument settings (especially the laser power), and molecular weight distribution. The matrix is one of the most important parameters for MALDI MS analyzes and is usually chosen based on trial and error processes [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MALDI MS represents a powerful technique for the characterization of complex chemical structures, allowing the identification of monomer units and end chain groups, and the precise determination of the average molecular weights of polymer samples with narrow dispersity [ 49 , 50 ]. Moreover, MALDI MS may be employed for witnessing minute changes in molecular weights during polymerization reactions—thus expanding its use, as shown by previous studies concerning the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide [ 19 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclodextrin-Oligocaprolactone Derivatives—Synthesis and Advanced Structural Characterization by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

Peptu¹,

Blaj²,

Balan-Porcăraşu³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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Cyclodextrins have previously been proven to be active in the catalysis of cyclic ester ring-opening reactions, hypothetically in a similar way to lipase-catalyzed reactions. However, the way they act remains unclear. Here, we focus on β-cyclodextrin’s involvement in the synthesis and characterization of β-cyclodextrin-oligocaprolactone (CDCL) products obtained via the organo-catalyzed ring-opening of ε-caprolactone. Previously, bulk or supercritical carbon dioxide polymerizations has led to inhomogeneous products. Our approach consists of solution polymerization (dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethylformamide) to obtain homogeneous CDCL derivatives with four monomer units on average. Oligomerization kinetics, performed by a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) optimized method in tandem with 1H NMR, revealed that monomer conversion occurs in two stages: first, the monomer is rapidly attached to the secondary OH groups of β-cyclodextrin and, secondly, the monomer conversion is slower with attachment to the primary OH groups. MALDI MS was further employed for the measurement of the ring-opening kinetics to establish the influence of the solvents as well as the effect of organocatalysts (4-dimethylaminopyridine and (–)-sparteine). Additionally, the mass spectrometry structural evaluation was further enhanced by fragmentation studies which confirmed the attachment of oligoesters to the cyclodextrin and the cleavage of dimethylformamide amide bonds during the ring-opening process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclodextrin-Oligocaprolactone Derivatives—Synthesis and Advanced Structural Characterization by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

Peptu¹,

Blaj²,

Balan-Porcăraşu³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…The application of the a priori modification strategy offers the great advantage of more precise characterization of the number of attached functionalities by MALDI‐ToF spectrometry compared with the postmodified polypeptide copolymers as the latter are highly challenging to be detected due to their high molecular weights as well as substantial fragmentation of the denatured polypeptides during the evaporation and acceleration steps 24…”

Section: Preparation Of Functionalized Pcpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Biopolymers from Protein Precursors for Biomedical Applications

Kuan¹,

Wu²,

Weil³

2013

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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The synthesis of biohybrid materials with tailored functional properties represents a topic of emerging interest. Combining proteins as natural, macromolecular building blocks, and synthetic polymers opens access to giant brush-like biopolymers of high structural definition. The properties of these precision polypeptide copolymers can be tailored through various chemical modifications along their polypeptide backbone, which expands the repertoire of known protein-based materials to address biomedical applications. In this article, the synthetic strategies for the design of precision biopolymers from proteins through amino acid specific conjugation reagents are highlighted and the different functionalization strategies, their characterization, and applications are discussed.

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“…Besides being able to identify and classify different polymers, these techniques are also employed to investigate polymer degradation 22 – 25 . Furthermore, Py-GC–MS 26 and MALDI-ToF–MS 27 are also commonly applied for polymer analysis, providing information about the molecular composition of the investigated polymer sample. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) are frequently used techniques giving bulk information about thermo-oxidative polymer degradation 22 , 28 , 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined LA-ICP-MS/LIBS: powerful analytical tools for the investigation of polymer alteration after treatment under corrosive conditions

Brunnbauer

Mayr

Larisegger

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Polymers are used in a variety of different areas, including applications in food packaging, automotive and the semiconductor industry. information about degradation of these materials during application, but also uptake of pollutants from the surrounding environment is therefore of great interest. conventional techniques used for polymer characterization such as ft-iR or Raman spectroscopy, but also thermo-analytical techniques offer insights into degradation processes but lack the possibility to detect uptake of inorganic species. Moreover, these techniques do not allow the measurement of depth profiles, thus information about degradation or pollutant uptake with sample depth is not accessible. in this work, we propose LA-icp-MS and LiBS as powerful analytical tools for polymer characterization, overcoming the limitations of conventional analytical techniques used for polymer analysis. Applicability of the developed procedures is demonstrated by the analysis of artificially weathered polyimides and modern art materials, indicating that the degradation of the polymer but also the uptake of corrosive gases is not limited to the sample surface. finally, a tandem LA-icp-MS/ LiBS approach is employed, which combines the advantages of both laser-based procedures, enabling the simultaneous analysis of polymer degradation and cadmium uptake of polystyrene after exposure to UV radiation and treatment with artificial sea water. Synthetic polymers and plastics are among the most commonly used materials in our modern world 1. They are mainly employed as packaging materials for consumer goods such as food and cosmetics and also bottles and boxes, but also frequently applied for construction materials 2. Polymers are also used as passivation or encapsulation materials in the semiconductor industry 3,4 or, in combination with pigments, as paints in the fields of art and cultural heritage 5,6. In general, the applied synthetic polymers are composed of an organic-carbon-chain polymer and different additives that give the materials the intended chemical and physical properties. Commonly applied additives include plasticizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, lubricants, flame retardants or inorganic pigments. During application, polymers are often exposed to harmful environmental conditions, causing changes in their chemical composition. In this context, the negative influences of sunlight but also contact with ambient gases and environmental liquids have to be mentioned. Whereas UV light and oxidative gases are known to promote degradation 7-9 , corrosive gases or metals dissolved in rain, snow and river or seawater are susceptible for uptake into the polymer network, resulting in increased concentrations of inorganic constituents in aged materials. All of these possible interactions contribute to unwanted changes in the polymer composition, which finally lead to altered material properties (e.g. bleaching of colors, reduced thermal stability, increased brittleness, etc.). A comprehensive characterization of aged polymers is th...

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Overview of MS and MALDI MS for Polymer Analysis

Cited by 23 publications

References 59 publications

Cyclodextrin-Oligocaprolactone Derivatives—Synthesis and Advanced Structural Characterization by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

Cyclodextrin-Oligocaprolactone Derivatives—Synthesis and Advanced Structural Characterization by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

Precision Biopolymers from Protein Precursors for Biomedical Applications

Combined LA-ICP-MS/LIBS: powerful analytical tools for the investigation of polymer alteration after treatment under corrosive conditions

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