Overview of Marker-assisted Selection in Animal Breeding

Sharma, Prachi; Doultani, Shilpa; Hadiya, K.K.; George, LB; Highland, HN

doi:10.9734/jabb/2024/v27i5790

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 102 publications

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“…Study of genome organization at the level of functional gene polymorphism allows for precise assessment of genetic variability in the hereditary material. This distinctively differentiates the methodological approaches of marker-assisted selection (MAS) from classic selection methods in animal breeding, which primarily rely on evaluation of the phenotype (Wakchaure et al, 2015;Sharma et al, 2024). The intensifi cation of the domestic animal breeding industry, characterized by high indices of milk and meat cattle performance, is closely linked to the animals' high adaptive abilities, but should also be linked to possible adaptations/changes in resistance to diseases and unfavorable environmental factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene polymorphism in a population of Charolais beef cattle using DNA-markers

Kulibaba,

Liashenko,

Kulibaba

et al. 2024

Agric. sci. pract.

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Aim. To study the polymorphism of genes, associated with resistance to different diseases (TLR1, TLR4, SLC11A1, TLR1, TLR4, IFNGR2, SLC11A1, TNFα, and MBL1) in the population of Charolais beef cattle. Methods. The studies were conducted using the methods of polymerase chain reaction and the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP); the artificially created restriction site-PCR (ACRS-PCR) was used to study the polymorphism of gene MBL1. Results. In the population (n = 100) of Charolais cattle, genes TLR1, IFNGR2, SLC11A1, TNFα, and MBL1 were polymorphic, while TLR4 was found to be monomorphic by three mutant variants (8732G>A, 8834G>C, and 2021C>T). BclI-polymorphism of the first exon was used to determine the excess of heterozygous animals (81.8 %); there were no animals homozygous by allele A. By polymorphism of locus SLC11A1 for SNP6 (7808A>T), we deter- mined complete domination of the frequency of allele A over T (0.985 vs 0.015), no animals, homozygous by allele TT, were found. As for SNP5 7400C>G, there were no animals homozygous for allele G; the ratio of alleles C and G was 0.79 and 0.21, respectively. By locus IFNGR2 (1008A>G), we determined the prevalence of the frequency of al- lele A over G (0.745 vs 0.255); the animals with genotype AA were the most common. As for gene TNFα (–824A>G), we determined a two-fold prevalence of the frequency of allele G over A due to a higher number of animals with geno- type GG (39 %). Some 50 % of the animals were heterozygous for this gene.By locus MBL1,we found the prevalence of the frequency of allele G (StyI-) as compared to A (StyI+) due to a considerable number of homozygous animals GG (64 %). The percentage of homozygous animals was 37.8 %. Conclusions. General characteristics of genetic variability of the Charolais beef cattle population were determined for the loci TLR1, TLR4, IFNGR2, SLC11A1, TNFα, and MBL1. As for SNP6 7808A>T of locus SLC11A1, we have determined the final stage of allele A fixation, by the results of which the gene will become completely monomorphic by this mutation. The results of the analysis of the ratio between the frequencies of alleles and genotypes by the revealed polymorphic markers demonstrated that it is unreasonable to use animals with different allelic variants of genes TLR1, IFNGR2, SLC11A1 in further studies on the search for associations with the manifestation of economically valuable traits in Charolais beef cows of the experimental population due to insufficient number of animals with different genotypes. For loci TNFα and MBL1, we found enough animals with different genotypes to conduct further association studies. The deviation from the genetic Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed for the loci TLR1, SLC11A1 (7400C>G), and MBL1 in the population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene polymorphism in a population of Charolais beef cattle using DNA-markers

Kulibaba,

Liashenko,

Kulibaba

et al. 2024

Agric. sci. pract.

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Chromosomal-level reference genome assembly of muskox (Ovibos moschatus) from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic, a resource for conservation genomics

Lok,

Lau,

Trost

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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The muskox (Ovibos moschatus), an integral component and iconic symbol of arctic biocultural diversity, is under threat by rapid environmental disruptions from climate change. We report a chromosomal-level haploid genome assembly of a muskox from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The assembly has a contig N50 of 44.7 Mbp, a scaffold N50 of 112.3 Mbp, a complete representation (100%) of the BUSCO v5.2.2 set of 9225 mammalian marker genes and is anchored to the 24 chromosomes of the muskox. Tabulation of heterozygous single nucleotide variants in our specimen revealed a very low level of genetic diversity, which is consistent with recent reports of the muskox having the lowest genome-wide heterozygosity among the ungulates. While muskox populations are currently showing no overt signs of inbreeding depression, environmental disruptions are expected to strain the genomic resilience of the species. One notable impact of rapid climate change in the Arctic is the spread of emerging infectious and parasitic diseases in the muskox, as exemplified by the range expansion of muskox lungworms, and the recent fatal outbreaks of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, a pathogen normally associated with domestic swine and poultry. As a genomics resource for conservation management of the muskox against existing and emerging disease modalities, we annotated the genes of the major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 2 and performed an initial assessment of the genetic diversity of this complex. This resource is further supported by the annotation of the principal genes of the innate immunity system, genes that are rapidly evolving and under positive selection in the muskox, genes associated with environmental adaptations, and the genes associated with socioeconomic benefits for Arctic communities such as wool (qiviut) attributes. These annotations will benefit muskox management and conservation.

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An Application of Residue Number System (RNS) to a Next-Generation Sequencing -SOLiD

Akanbasiam

2024

SSRN Journal

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Overview of Marker-assisted Selection in Animal Breeding

Cited by 3 publications

References 102 publications

Gene polymorphism in a population of Charolais beef cattle using DNA-markers

Gene polymorphism in a population of Charolais beef cattle using DNA-markers

Chromosomal-level reference genome assembly of muskox (Ovibos moschatus) from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic, a resource for conservation genomics

An Application of Residue Number System (RNS) to a Next-Generation Sequencing -SOLiD

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