Overview of Albumin Physiology and its Role in Pediatric Diseases

Chen, Charles B.; Hammo, Bilasan; Barry, Jessica; Radhakrishnan, Kadakkal

doi:10.1007/s11894-021-00813-6

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Nutrition, hormonal harmony, and osmotic pressure all affect albumin production. (20) Whole saliva contains only a little amount of albumin, an antioxidant protein. Generally speaking, the albumin is regarded as an accurate indicator of mucositis or inflammation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally speaking, the albumin is regarded as an accurate indicator of mucositis or inflammation. (20) Therefore, to exclude active local inflammation, a general dental examination was carried out before choosing the control group and patients. Bridges and partial dentures can restore the lost teeth and prevent further tooth loss.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the association between gastric symptoms and existence of H. pylori in the oral cavity is not obvious. Many study found the positive correlation of oral samples and gastric biopsies for Helicobacter pylori were statistically significant, so the data of this results indicated the patients with positive H. pylori were also with positive results in dental plaque (2,4,18) , So the lowered level of TP may explained by the fact that the salivary proteins interfere with bacterial colonization and these proteins effect on the process of enamel demineralizationremineralization and dental caries formation as well as plaque formation (19) and because of various research finding the oral cavity is H. pylori reservoir especially with periodontal disease so the lower level of TP is related to antimicrobial defense mechanism against bacterial colonization, another explanation about the decreased level of TP may be result from the nutritional and immunological changes that occur during the disease course, this result is disagreement with studies by (20,21) who found the salivary TP was increased in patients with peptic ulcer. The sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate are common components with silicates and phosphates of antacid preparations, also the hypercalcemia is produced with increased stomach acid as well as the intensify nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and constipation may result from the dehydration can cause calcium level to rise (23) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Ali¹,

Adil²,

Aqeel³

et al. 2023

PJMHS

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Introduction: Invasive endoscopic-biopsy techniques are most frequently used for the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic gastritis. Finding non-invasive laboratory markers would enable the patient to save money and hassle. Saliva is progressively recognized as the useful non-invasive material of diagnosis because of its critical protective role for the digestive system. Aim: The parameters of biochemical in saliva of chronic gastritis patients (HP- & HP+), comparing their concentrations to those of healthy individuals and establishing correlations between their serum and salivary concentrations with the goal of potentially using the data as the diagnostic tool. Material and method: The study was conducted at the Dept. of Medicine, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan. There were 140 participants in the study, 60 of them had chronic gastritis (mean age, 58.7312.08 years; 44 HP+ and 16 HP-); disease activity was determined by endoscopic, serological, and subjective symptoms. Eighty healthy, non-smoking volunteers (mean age, 56.868.67 years) made up the control group. Saliva and serum that had not been activated were analysed. Total Protein (TPro), Secretory IgA, Albumin (Alb), and Uric Acid (UA), are the variables we examine (sIg A). They are examined using pre-made B.Coulter kits and an ELISA reader from DiaMetra Italy that adapts oral fluid procedures of the Olympus biochemical analyzer. Results: In comparison to the control group, HP+ patients had significantly increased levels of sIgA (p0.0001), Alb (p0.0001), and TP (p=0.0434), but not the UA. For only the UA, we revealed the link between serum/saliva values (r=0.3389) (p=0.011). Endoscopic inflammatory alterations and UA had a moderately negative connection (r=-0.4203, p=0.016). The increased oxidative stress, changed salivary flow rate, and stomach inflammation are hypothesised to be compensated for by these modifications. Practical implication : the parameters of biochemical in saliva of the chronic gastritis patients (HP- and HP+), comparing their concentrations to those of healthy individuals, and establishing correlations between their salivary and serum concentrations in order to potentially utilization of the data as the diagnostic tool Conclusion: The data show that HP+ chronic gastritis results in considerable alterations in salivary parameters. Saliva is a biological material with some limitations, but it is a good indicator of the pathological processes occurring in the digestive tract, particularly when there is an HP+ infection. Keywords: Salivary Biochemistry; Total Protein; Chronic Gastritis; Helicobacter Pylori; HP+

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Ali¹,

Adil²,

Aqeel³

et al. 2023

PJMHS

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“…Like albumin, transferrin is also present in alveolar lining fluid and classified as a β-globulin. Similar to albumin, transferrin is considered a negative acute phase reactant and serum levels decrease during inflammatory states [ 38 ]. Moreover, transferrin is also commonly used as a cell culture supplement to reduce the amount of animal serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Albumin Stimulates Epithelial Na+ Transport and Barrier Integrity by Activating the PI3K/AKT/SGK1 Pathway

Laube

Thomé

2022

IJMS

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Albumin is a major serum protein and is frequently used as a cell culture supplement. It is crucially involved in the regulation of osmotic pressure and distribution of fluid between different compartments. Alveolar epithelial Na+ transport drives alveolar fluid clearance (AFC), enabling air breathing. Whether or not albumin affects AFC and Na+ transport is yet unknown. We therefore determined the acute and chronic effects of albumin on Na+ transport in fetal distal lung epithelial (FDLE) cells and the involved kinase pathways. Chronic BSA treatment strongly increased epithelial Na+ transport and barrier integrity in Ussing chambers. BSA did not elevate mRNA expression of Na+ transporters in FDLE cells after 24 h. Moreover, acute BSA treatment for 45 min mimicked the chronic effects. The elevated Na+ transport was caused by an increased maximal ENaC activity, while Na,K-ATPase activity remained unchanged. Acute and chronic BSA treatment lowered membrane permeability, confirming the increased barrier integrity observed in Ussing chambers. Western blots demonstrated an increased phosphorylation of AKT and SGK1, and PI3K inhibition abolished the stimulating effect of BSA. BSA therefore enhanced epithelial Na+ transport and barrier integrity by activating the PI3K/AKT/SGK1 pathway.

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“…Albumin (ALB) is synthesized by the liver and is the most abundant protein in blood plasma, accounting for 50-60% of the total plasma protein. 7 ALB has various biological roles in the human body, including maintaining plasma colloid osmotic pressure, conveying several ions, lipids, and metabolites in the body, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant capacity. 8 , 9 When patients present with symptoms of hypoalbuminemia and liver function suggests ALB ≤30 g/l, clinicians usually administer human serum albumin (HSA) empirically to raise the level of plasma ALB in a short period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Risk Factors for Predicting Postoperative Human Serum Albumin Infusion after Hip Fracture Surgery: Development and Validation of a Nomogram

Chen¹,

Liu²,

Pan³

et al. 2023

Balkan Med J

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Background: As one of the adverse events after hip fracture surgery, hypoalbuminemia is usually treated using human serum albumin infusion. However, the application of human serum albumin may cause complications such as postsurgical infection and increased mortality. Aims: To examine the preoperative risk factors of human serum albumin infusion after hip fracture surgery, establish a nomogram prediction model, and verify its accuracy. Study Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Methods: Eligible patients who underwent hip fracture surgery were divided into the infusion and non-infusion groups according to whether human serum albumin was infused or not. All patients were divided randomly into a training set and a testing set in line with the ratio of 7:3. In the training set, independent risk factors of postoperative human serum albumin infusion were determined by univariate logistic regression analysis, LASSO regression, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Then, a nomogram model was established. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve and calibration curve were plotted, and decision curve analysis was performed for the training and testing sets to assess the predictability, discriminative ability, and clinical usefulness of the model. Results: This study included a total of 1,339 eligible patients, 141 of whom were injected with human serum albumin postoperatively. Altogether, the training set incorporated 939 patients, and the testing set included 400 patients. Multivariate logistic analysis indicated five independent risk factors, including chronic lung disease (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, 2.618, 1.413-4.849, p = 0.002), (albumin; odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, 0.842, 0.787-0.900, p < 0.001), prothrombin time (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, 1.252, 1.071-1.463, p = 0.005), red blood cells (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, 0.370, 0.228-0.602, p < 0.001), and type of anesthesia (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, 0.553, 0.327-0.937, p = 0.028). Fracture type, a clinically significant factor, was also considered. Finally, the nomogram model was built based on these seven predictors. The areas under the curve of the nomogram were 0.854 (95% confidence interval, 0.811-0.898) and 0.767 (95% confidence interval, 0.686-0.847) in the training and testing sets separately. As shown in the calibration curve, the predicted result was consistent with the observed one. The decision curve analysis indicated that the nomogram has good clinical value. Conclusion: Low preoperative serum albumin levels, low preoperative red blood cell counts, prolonged preoperative prothrombin time, history of chronic lung disease, and general anesthesia were independent risk factors for postope...

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Overview of Albumin Physiology and its Role in Pediatric Diseases

Cited by 21 publications

References 71 publications

Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Salivary Biochemistry Associated with Helicobacter Pylori Positivity in Patients with Chronic Gastritis

Albumin Stimulates Epithelial Na+ Transport and Barrier Integrity by Activating the PI3K/AKT/SGK1 Pathway

Preoperative Risk Factors for Predicting Postoperative Human Serum Albumin Infusion after Hip Fracture Surgery: Development and Validation of a Nomogram

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