Overview: Global and Local Impact of Antibiotic Resistance

Watkins, Richard R.; Bonomo, Robert A.

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.001

Cited by 193 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The difficulty in distinguishing between bacterial and non-bacterial aetiologies is also a major cause of the misuse of antibiotics [5]. Inappropriate or prolonged use of antibiotics may lead to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria [6–8] and to various adverse events [9–11], whereas antibiotic underuse due to delayed or missed diagnosis may result in worsened condition and medical complications [12–16]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEarly recognition is a key factor to achieve improved outcomes for septic patients. Combinations of biomarkers, as opposed to single ones, may improve timely diagnosis and survival. We investigated the performance characteristics of sepsis biomarkers, alone and in combination, for diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis using Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria, respectively.MethodsProcalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate were determined in a total of 1,572 episodes of adult patients admitted to the emergency department on suspicion of sepsis. All sampling were performed prior to antibiotic administration. Discriminant analysis was used to construct two composite biomarkers consisting of linear combinations of the investigated biomarkers, one including three selected biomarkers (i.e., NLCR, CRP, and lactate), and another including all four (i.e., PCT, NLCR, CRP, and lactate). The diagnostic performances of the composite biomarkers as well as the individual biomarkers were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsFor diagnosis of bacterial sepsis based on Sepsis-3 criteria, the AUC for PCT (0.68; 95% CI 0.65–0.71) was comparable to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. Using the Sepsis-2 criteria for bacterial sepsis diagnosis, the AUC for the NLCR (0.68; 95% CI 0.65–0.71) but not for the other single biomarkers, was equal to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. For diagnosis of severe bacterial sepsis or septic shock based on the Sepsis-2 criteria, the AUCs for both composite biomarkers were significantly greater than those of the single biomarkers (0.85; 95% CI 0.82–0.88 for the composite three-biomarker, and 0.86; 95% CI 0.83–0.89 for the composite four-biomarker).ConclusionsCombinations of biomarkers can improve the diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis in the most critically ill patients, but in less severe septic conditions either the NLCR or PCT alone exhibit equivalent performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis

et al. 2017

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“…The majority of fatal cases occur in the developing world [2]. Even in settings with sufficient health care resources, treatment of patients with infections is becoming increasingly difficult due to raising rates of microbial resistance to applied agents affecting mostly protozoan [3] and bacterial [4,5] pathogens. Despite new antimicrobial drugs licensed in recent years, pharmacological innovation is still insufficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormesis and Defense of Infectious Disease

Weis

Rubio

Ludwig

et al. 2017

IJMS

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Infectious diseases are a global health burden and remain associated with high social and economic impact. Treatment of affected patients largely relies on antimicrobial agents that act by directly targeting microbial replication. Despite the utility of host specific therapies having been assessed in previous clinical trials, such as targeting the immune response via modulating the cytokine release in sepsis, results have largely been frustrating and did not lead to the introduction of new therapeutic tools. In this article, we will discuss current evidence arguing that, by applying the concept of hormesis, already approved pharmacological agents could be used therapeutically to increase survival of patients with infectious disease via improving disease tolerance, a defense mechanism that decreases the extent of infection-associated tissue damage without directly targeting pathogenic microorganisms.

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“…With increasing number of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms, the widespread use of antibiotics and the emergence of resistance towards antibiotics, there is a serious need to find new antibacterial compounds [11]. Many new strains of the known bacterial pathogens are highly multi-drug resistant since several years [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Triiodide [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 on the Pathogens Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida albicans

Edis¹,

Bloukh²,

Sara³

2017

Preprint

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New antibacterial agents are needed to overcome the increasing number of infectious diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms due to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains. In this context, halogens, especially Iodine is known since ages for its antimicrobial activity. Therefore, especially triiodides encapsulated in organometallic complexes can be helpful as new agents against microorganisms. The aims of this work was to study the biological activity of [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 against gram positive Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus faecalis, the spore forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis and gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as the yeast Candida albicans. The antimicrobial and antifungal activities of the triiodide were determined by zone of inhibition plate studies. [Na(12-Crown-4)2]I3 exhibited potent antimicrobial activity on gram positive Streptochocci and the yeast C. albicans. Furthermore, the gram negative bacteria P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were less effectively inhibited, while E. coli and P. mirabilis proved to be even resistant.

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Overview: Global and Local Impact of Antibiotic Resistance

Cited by 193 publications

References 37 publications

Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis

Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis

Hormesis and Defense of Infectious Disease

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