Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration

Boroson, Don M.; Robinson, Bryan S.; Murphy, Daniel V.; Burianek, D. A.; Khatri, F.I.; Kovalik, J.; Sodnik, Zoran; Cornwell, Donald M.

doi:10.1117/12.2045508

Cited by 196 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In late 2013, NASA launched the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration and achieved 622 Mbps optical communications between a satellite in lunar orbit and a ground station [158]. For these very long distances, there is no viable alternative to OWC.…”

Section: Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap of optical communications

Agrell

Karlsson

Chraplyvy³

et al. 2016

J. Opt.

467

268

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Lightwave communications is a necessity for the information age. Optical links provide enormous bandwidth, and the optical fiber is the only medium that can meet the modern society's needs for transporting massive amounts of data over long distances. Applications range from global highcapacity networks, which constitute the backbone of the internet, to the massively parallel interconnects that provide data connectivity inside datacenters and supercomputers. Optical communications is a diverse and rapidly changing field, where experts in photonics, communications, electronics, and signal processing work side by side to meet the ever-increasing demands for higher capacity, lower cost, and lower energy consumption, while adapting the system design to novel services and technologies. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of this rich research field, Journal of Optics has invited 16 researchers, each a world-leading expert in their respective subfields, to contribute a section to this invited review article, summarizing their views on state-of-the-art and future developments in optical communications.

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Section: Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roadmap of optical communications

Agrell

Karlsson

Chraplyvy³

et al. 2016

J. Opt.

467

268

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“…Using previously known values for dispersion parameters in the near-infrared spectrum, a fitting algorithm is referenced for producing newly optimized mid-infrared dispersion parameters for GaAs and AlAs in the mid-infrared range ( ~ 2-6 µm) within 2% error [21]. Once the refractive indices are determined, the approximate thickness of each material layer can be found by: (2) where  0 is the design wavelength of the DBR device, n h and n l are the high and low refractive index respectively, and t h and t l are the respective layer thickness. Employing the transfer matrix method (TMM), the reflectivity spectrum can be estimated.…”

Section: Alasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work in free space optical (FSO) communication has shown great promise and is making the case for increasing efficiency using mid-infrared transmission wavelengths [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. The difficulty in implementing mid-infrared FSO links lies in the construction of capable technology to achieve performances similar to platforms in the near infrared.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved optical resonance in mid-infrared GaAs-based modulating retro-reflectors

Ikpe

Triplett

2015

Image Sensing Technologies: Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications II

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In this work, we studied a mid-infrared modulating retro-reflector (MRR) design that is GaAs-based because of the flexibility to monolithically incorporate reflective optics along with quantum well modulator region. Using solid-source molecular beam epitaxy, we produced MRR devices, where the GaAs quantum well(s) in the modulator region contained Al x Ga 1-x As barriers to tune the wavelength selectivity beyond three microns. The width of the quantum well was also adjusted in order to achieve free electron absorption within the confined energy subbands and modified by way of the quantum confined Stark effect. When the applied electric field varies in polarity, intensity, or frequency, the fabricated MRRs behave as an optional shutter--absorbing or transmitting the incident mid-infrared energy depending on the applied field. Our work shows that the ability for the modulating region to effectively act as a shutter for mid-infrared radiation depends on the number of cascading quantum wells, though increasing the number of wells directly increases the overall thickness of the modulating region and adversely affects the reflected power of the mid-infrared modulated beam. The shutter operation was achieved by applying an alternating square bias across the QWM region, and the speed at which the quantum wells switch from absorbing to non-absorbing was dependent on the physical size of the device. Increasing the physical size increases the associated device capacitance. The maximum achievable contrast ratio for these devices is calculated to be 1.6:1 for applied voltages between 12V and 25V.

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“…Several missions demonstrating LEO-LEO [1] LEO -Ground [2] and Moon-Ground [3] laser communication in the Gbps range have shown that space based laser communication is a very useful high bandwidth point to point communication method in the near Earth region. LEO-GEO connections have been successfully demonstrated a decade ago by the Artemis -Spot 4 mission, with data rates of 50 Mbps [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LCT for the European data relay system: in orbit commissioning of the Alphasat and Sentinel 1A LCTs

et al. 2015

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The European Data Relay System (EDRS) relies on optical communication links between Low Earth Orbit (LEO) and geostationary (GEO) spacecrafts. Data transmission at 1.8 Gbps between the S/Cs will be applied. EDRS is foreseen to go into operation in 2015. As a precursor to the EDRS GEO Laser Communication Terminals (LCT), an LCT is embarked on the Alphasat GEO S/C. Sentinel 1A is a LEO earth observation satellite as part of ESAs Copernicus program and carries an LCT on board. Both the Alphasat and the Sentinel 1A LCT have completed their individual in orbit commissioning and a joint link commissioning phase, with first LEO to GEO optical communication links in 2014. In this presentation, the design principle of the LCT applied for EDRS will be investigated. The most recent results of the in-orbit link commissioning phase of the LCTs on board of Alphasat and Sentinel 1A will be presented.

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Overview and results of the Lunar Laser Communication Demonstration

Cited by 196 publications

References 3 publications

Roadmap of optical communications

Roadmap of optical communications

Improved optical resonance in mid-infrared GaAs-based modulating retro-reflectors

LCT for the European data relay system: in orbit commissioning of the Alphasat and Sentinel 1A LCTs

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