“Overrun with Free Negroes”: Emancipation and Wartime Migration in the Upper Midwest

Schwalm, Leslie A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-137-06580-3_4

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Social capital ties did not derive from the location of Freedmen's Bureau offices, railroad depots, or Union League clubs, they argue, but instead came from "within" the black community, largely through black churches. Some of the key works addressing these questions include: Ayers 1993, Wright 1986, Ayers and Nesbit 2011, Johnson 1999, Kharif 2001, Nelson 1999, Ransom and Sutch 1977, Schwalm 2004, Stewart 1996, Berlin et al 1998, Staley 1998, Glymph 2008 On the Freedmen's Bureau, see Cimbala 1997;Farmer-Kaiser 2010;Masur 2010: 26-27, 59-68; and Fain 2011. Other recent work on black mobility includes: Asaka 2010, Cadagin 2011, Chilton 2009, Page 2009, and Fields 1978 For a recent interpretation of the relationship between movement and family after the Civil War, see Nesbit 2011, 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social capital ties did not derive from the location of Freedmen's Bureau offices, railroad depots, or Union League clubs, they argue, but instead came from “within” the black community, largely through black churches. Some of the key works addressing these questions include Ayers 1993, Wright 1986, Ayers and Nesbit 2011, Johnson 1999, Kharif 2001, Nelson 1999, Ransom and Sutch 1977, Schwalm 2004, Stewart 1996, Berlin et al 1988, Staley 1998, and Glymph 2008.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reconstructing African American Mobility after Emancipation, 1865–67

Thomas¹,

Healey²,

Cottingham³

2017

Soc. sci. hist.

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Historians and social scientists have relied on contemporaneous textual accounts to document African American mobility in the immediate aftermath of emancipation after the Civil War, but they have interpreted them in widely varying ways. Some emphasize large-scale migration across the South, while others suggest that most movements were local and limited. This research tracks the early or “first wave” of African American migrants between 1865 and 1867 within and out of the South in an attempt to map the motion taking place after the war and to document the scale, direction, and intensity of African American mobility in the period between 1865 and 1867. The Freedmen's Bureau records indicate certain kinds of movements within the South, while our census methodology shows that there was more movement out of the South than accounted for in the Freedmen's Bureau labor records or previously accounted for in the historiography. Further, we observe two types of movement: short-term migration based on one-year contracts, perhaps returning to the point of origin, and another movement not always mediated through the Freedmen's Bureau that was more long term, but also subject to the freedperson's return to the point of origin. We seek to chart the process of emancipation over time and across space, detecting spatial patterns on an otherwise highly variable individual experience. No study has used the Freedmen's Bureau labor contracts to trace African American labor movements, and no study has deployed the 1880 individual census data to examine African American migration based on birthplace cohorts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructing African American Mobility after Emancipation, 1865–67

Thomas¹,

Healey²,

Cottingham³

2017

Soc. sci. hist.

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“…In 1865 it ruled that African American residents had been eligible to vote ever since an 1849 suffrage referendum (Holzhueter 1977). After the Civil War some African Americans fled the South and settled in communities around the state (Schwalm 2004). Oshkosh had 60 African American residents at the time of the 1880 Census, their varied birthplaces bearing witness to their migrations.…”

Section: Chinese Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Science History Association at 40: A Savory Chop Suey

Carter¹

2016

Social Science History

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Multidisciplinary conversations are tough. Language, habits of thinking, and styles of presentation and criticism differ profoundly across disciplines. Academic rewards to multidisciplinary research are unpredictable. Yet year after year, for 40 years running now, the Social Science History Association (SSHA) has hosted increasingly large, multidisciplinary conferences that attract scholars from a diverse set of academic fields and geographic regions. By fostering debate in an atmosphere of civility, respect, and inclusiveness, the SSHA has become a premiere venue for introducing the latest in social scientific topics, methods, and data. Here I salute the founders and guardians of the culture responsible for this impressive achievement with a multidisciplinary foray into the history of America's chop suey craze of the early twentieth century. Like the remarkable history of the SSHA, the history of chop suey illustrates the importance of civility, respect, and democratic inclusiveness in fostering innovation. It is a story that celebrates the rewards to institutions that promote such virtues.

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The Freedmen's Bureau in the District of Columbia

Harrison

2011

Washington During Civil War and Reconstruction

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“Overrun with Free Negroes”: Emancipation and Wartime Migration in the Upper Midwest

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Reconstructing African American Mobility after Emancipation, 1865–67

Reconstructing African American Mobility after Emancipation, 1865–67

The Social Science History Association at 40: A Savory Chop Suey

The Freedmen's Bureau in the District of Columbia

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