Overlearning and position reversal.

D’Amato, M. R.; Jagoda, H.

doi:10.1037/h0040578

Cited by 41 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…One possible account for the faster reversal by the rats than by the pigeons is that the rats had fewer exposures to the S- stimulus prior to reversal than the pigeons. Research has shown that repeated experience with the S- during overtraining (continued training on a discrimination after an animal reaches criterion) results in slower reversal learning performance (D'Amato & Jagoda, 1962) in rats. The fact that pigeons responded to the S2 (S-) stimulus more often than the rats prior to the reversal may have hindered their ability to inhibit responses to S1 (S-) when the contingencies reversed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal learning in rats (Rattus norvegicus) and pigeons (Columba livia): Qualitative differences in behavioral flexibility.

Rayburn-Reeves

Stagner²,

Kirk³

et al. 2013

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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Research has shown that pigeons given a simultaneous visually based discrimination reversal, in which a single reversal occurs at the midpoint of each session, consistently show anticipation prior to the reversal as well as perseveration after the reversal, suggesting that they use a less effective cue (time or trial number into the session) than what would be optimal to maximize reinforcement (local feedback from the most recent trials). In the present research, pigeons (Columba livia) and rats (Rattus norvegicus) were tested with a simultaneous spatial discrimination midsession reversal. Pigeons showed remarkably similar errors in anticipation and perseveration as with visual stimuli, thereby continuing to show the suboptimal use of time as a cue, whereas rats showed no anticipatory errors and very few perseverative errors, suggesting that they used local feedback as a cue, thus more nearly optimizing reinforcement. To further test the rats' flexibility, they were then tested with a variable point of reversal and then with multiple points of reversal within a session. Results showed that the rats effectively maximized reinforcement by developing an approximation to a win-stay/lose-shift rule. The greater efficiency shown by rats with this task suggests that they are better able to use the feedback from their preceding choice as the basis of their future choice. The difference in cue preference further suggests a qualitative difference in acquisition of the midsession reversal task between pigeons and rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversal learning in rats (Rattus norvegicus) and pigeons (Columba livia): Qualitative differences in behavioral flexibility.

Rayburn-Reeves

Stagner²,

Kirk³

et al. 2013

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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show abstract

“…A number of studies have investigated the effect of overtraining on the reversal of a simple position habit. In general it is found either that overtraining has no effect on reversal trials to criterion (Clayton, 1963b;D'Amato & Jagoda, 1962;D'Amato & Schiff, 1964, Experiment 2;Hill, Spear, & Clayton, 1962, Experiment II;Komaki, 1962;Mackintosh, 1963a, Experiment V, Group I) or that it produces a significant decrement in speed of reversal learning (Clayton, 1963a;Galanter & Bush, 1959;Hill & Spear, 1963;Hill, Spear, & Clayton, 1962, Experiments I, III, and IV;Kendler & Kimm, 1964;Mackintosh, 1963a, Experiment V, Group II). Again there are exceptions: Pubols in 1956 found the ORE in a position problem, and so did Capaldi in 1963.…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of the overlearning reversal effect.

Lovejoy¹

1966

Psychological Review

105

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“…D 'Amato & Jagoda (1962) have in fact proposed that the assumption of the monotonicityofhabit strength with respect to number of reinforcements is unsatisfactory. Specifically, D'Amato and Jagoda offer the possibility that the aversiveness of the negative stimulus (S-) does not increase monotonically as learning proceeds.…”

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confidence: 99%

The overlearning reversal effect: A function of the non-monotonicity of the negativity of S- during discriminative training

Biederman

1967

Psychon Sci

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The overlearning reversal effect: A function of the non-monotonicity of the negativity of S-during discriminative training'In an automatic visual discrimination setting, rats learned two discriminations at once, one of which rec eived four times the training of the other. After training, S could be given his choice between the more-trained (MT) and less-trained (L T) negative stimuli (S-). S's choice of the MT S-indicates that its negativity was lower than that of the

show abstract

Overlearning and position reversal.

Cited by 41 publications

References 15 publications

Reversal learning in rats (Rattus norvegicus) and pigeons (Columba livia): Qualitative differences in behavioral flexibility.

Reversal learning in rats (Rattus norvegicus) and pigeons (Columba livia): Qualitative differences in behavioral flexibility.

Analysis of the overlearning reversal effect.

The overlearning reversal effect: A function of the non-monotonicity of the negativity of S- during discriminative training

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