Overlapping expression domains of bone morphogenetic protein family members potentially account for limited tissue defects inBMP7 deficient embryos

Dudley, Andrew T.; Robertson, Elizabeth J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199703)208:3<349::aid-aja6>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 409 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Unlike the chick, Bmp4 was not expressed in the dorsal neural tube but was expressed in the surface ectoderm (data not shown; Winnier et al 1995;Dudley and Robertson 1997), coelomic epithelium underlying the neural tube and somites (data not shown), and ventral mesoderm (Fig. 7G) in the tail.…”

Section: Noggin Is Required For Ventralization Of the Posterior Spinamentioning

confidence: 93%

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Noggin-mediated antagonism of BMP signaling is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite

McMahon¹,

Takada²,

Zimmerman³

et al. 1998

Genes Dev.

761

615

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Section: Noggin Is Required For Ventralization Of the Posterior Spinamentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In the embryo, inhibitory BMPs could be supplied by the paraxial mesoderm itself, or by adjacent tissue. In situ hybridization studies have demonstrated that the early somite uniformly expresses Bmp3 (Dudley and Robertson 1997;J. McMahon et al, unpubl.).…”

Section: Noggin Is Required For Shh-mediated Induction Of Sclerotomalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noggin-mediated antagonism of BMP signaling is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite

McMahon¹,

Takada²,

Zimmerman³

et al. 1998

Genes Dev.

761

615

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“…In the developing retina, BMP2, BMP4, and BMP7, as well as the BMP receptors, are expressed in the chick (3) and mouse (4)(5)(6) and have been found to play a role in establishing the dorsal/ventral patterning of the retina. They also regulate the differentiation and survival of retinal neurons (7)(8)(9)(10)(11).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

BMP signaling mediates stem/progenitor cell-induced retina regeneration

Haynes¹,

Gutierrez²,

Aycinena³

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

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We identified a mechanism whereby retina regeneration in the embryonic chick can be induced by the contribution of stem/ progenitor cells. We show that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is sufficient and necessary to induce retina regeneration and that its action can be divided into two phases. By 3 days after postretinectomy (d PR), the BMP pathway directs proliferation and regeneration through the activation of Smad (canonical BMP pathway) and the up-regulation of FGF signaling by the MAPK pathway. By 7d PR, it induces apoptosis by activating p38 (a noncanonical BMP pathway) and down-regulating FGF signaling (by both MAPK and AKT pathways). Apoptosis at this later stage can be prevented, and BMP-induced regeneration can be further induced by inhibition of p38. These results unravel a mechanism for stem/ progenitor cell-mediated retina regeneration, where BMP activation establishes a cross-talk with the FGF pathway and selectively activates the canonical and noncanonical BMP pathways. Retina stem/progenitor cells exist in other species, including humans. Thus, our findings provide insights on how retinal stem cells can be activated for possible regenerative therapies.p38 ͉ FGF B one morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are secreted signaling proteins that elicit their effect by binding to a heterodimer receptor complex composed of a BMP type I receptor (BMPRIA or BMPRIB) and a BMP type II receptor (BMPRII) (1). The BMP pathway can activate the canonical downstream effector, Smad, or a noncanonical downstream effector, transforming growth factor-␤-activated kinase (TAK1) (1). Several endogenous inhibitors, including noggin, chordin, follistatin, and gremlin, can regulate the ability of BMP to activate these pathways (2).In the developing retina, BMP2, BMP4, and BMP7, as well as the BMP receptors, are expressed in the chick (3) and mouse (4-6) and have been found to play a role in establishing the dorsal/ventral patterning of the retina. They also regulate the differentiation and survival of retinal neurons (7-11). Because of the BMP pathway's importance during retina development and in stem cell biology, we wanted to examine its role in inducing and regulating retina regeneration.A population of retinal stem cells is maintained after retinal development in the anterior margin of the eye in many vertebrates, including humans (12, 13). In most vertebrates, these retinal stem cells remain quiescent and do not respond to injury. However, cells in the anterior margin of the embryonic chick eye respond to injury during a limited time of retina development, providing an opportunity to study the induction process of these stem/progenitor cells (13-15).The embryonic chick has been shown to regenerate a complete retina in Ϸ7 days as long as a retinectomy is performed on or around embryonic day 4 (E4) and a source of FGF is added (14,16,17). In the presence of ectopic FGF2, regeneration takes place by transdifferentiation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and the activation of retinal stem/progenitor cells (RS/ R...

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“…Based on in vitro and in vivo studies, it is clear that these proteins perform important roles during embryogenesis and in the adult animal. Several members of this family show overlapping patterns of expression during embryonic development, as well as functional redundancy, indicating the apparent importance of these proteins in embryogenesis (7)(8). In addition to these redundant activities, recent data generated from identification of mutations in members of this protein family clearly show specific functions for different family members.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24). Many of these proteins are expressed in a variety of tissue and cell types during organogenesis (7,8). They seem to play an important role in mesenchymal-epithelial interactions based on their expression pattern, as well as on their in vitro and in vivo effects (3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Member of the Transforming Growth Factor-β/Bone Morphogenetic Protein Family

Paralkar¹,

Vail²,

Grasser³

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

263

237

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Members of the transforming growth factor-␤ (TGF-␤)superfamily of growth and differentiation factors have been identified in a wide variety of organisms, ranging from invertebrates to mammals. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute a subgroup of proteins belonging to the TGF-␤ superfamily. BMPs were initially identified by their ability to induce endochondral bone formation at ectopic sites, suggesting a critical role for this family in development and regeneration of the skeleton. They are also expressed at a variety of nonskeletal sites during development, suggesting possible extraskeletal roles for these proteins. We cloned a novel member of the BMP family that is expressed at high levels in the placenta and the prostate and that we have designated as prostate-derived factor (PDF). Based on cDNA sequence analysis, the predicted PDF protein contains two cysteines in addition to the seven conserved cysteines that are the hallmark of the members of the TGF-␤ superfamily. In addition, Northern blot hybridization to poly(A) ؉ RNA showed low levels of expression in the kidney and pancreas. We further characterized the expression of this member of the BMP family by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. These results show high expression in the terminal villae of the placenta. The expression of the protein as visualized by immunohistochemistry shows an expression pattern identical to that of the message in the terminal villae of the placenta. In day 18 rat embryos, protein expression was also seen in the skin and in the cartilaginous tissue of developing skeleton. Orchidectomy and dihydrotestosterone treatment of rats revealed that PDF expression is regulated by androgens in the prostate. In addition, subcutaneous implantation of recombinant PDF induced cartilage formation and the early stages of endochondral bone formation. These data indicate that PDF has a functional relationship to the BMPs.

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Overlapping expression domains of bone morphogenetic protein family members potentially account for limited tissue defects inBMP7 deficient embryos

Cited by 409 publications

References 48 publications

Noggin-mediated antagonism of BMP signaling is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite

Noggin-mediated antagonism of BMP signaling is required for growth and patterning of the neural tube and somite

BMP signaling mediates stem/progenitor cell-induced retina regeneration

Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Member of the Transforming Growth Factor-β/Bone Morphogenetic Protein Family

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