Overivew of grid codes for photovoltaic integration

Zheng, Qianwei; Li, Jiaming; Ai, Xiaomeng; Wen, Jinyu

doi:10.1109/ei2.2017.8245501

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Active and reactive power control systems mainly depend on the change of the control signal of the two converters of the system. Based on some European countries grid code and Chinese grid code for integrating the PV to the grid, the following requirements should be applied [22,23]:…”

Section: Photovoltaic Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Voltage Control Application in a Smart Grid with 100% Renewables

2020

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This paper presents secondary voltage control by extracting reactive power from renewable power technologies to control load buses voltage in a power system at different operating conditions. The study is performed on a 100% renewable 14-bus system. Active and reactive powers controls are considered based on grid codes of countries with high penetration levels of renewable energy technologies. A pilot bus is selected in order to implement the secondary voltage control. The selection is based on short-circuit calculation and sensitivity analysis. An optimal Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) voltage controller is designed using genetic algorithm. A comparison between system with and without secondary voltage control is presented in terms of voltage profile and total power losses. The optimal voltage magnitudes at busbars are calculated to achieve minimum power losses using optimal power flow. The optimal placement of Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) is performed in order to measure the voltage magnitude of buses with minimum cost. Optimization and simulation processes are performed using DIgSILENT and MATLAB software applications.

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Section: Photovoltaic Parkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Voltage Control Application in a Smart Grid with 100% Renewables

2020

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“…The summation of output voltage produced by each panel in the string must exist within the allowable per unit voltage range as determine by the North Amer-ican Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC). The standards described by NERC regarding the allowable range for the string voltage of grid connected PV is 0.90 to 1.10 per unit voltage [42]. Chapter 5…”

Section: Output Voltage Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuzzy Logic Based Module-Level Power Electronics for Mitigation of Rapid Cloud Shading in Photovoltaic Systems

Belcher

Fattahi

Hinzer

et al. 2020

2020 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

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“…Solar energy grid connection codes may be issued as national standards in various countries or by transmission and distribution system operators [22]. These solar energy grid connection codes may be included in the relevant codes or issued separately as a complementary part.…”

Section: Comparison Of Solar Energy Grid Connection Codesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparisons of some rules in PV grid connection codes of Germany [1,3,22], the UK [1,22], [24][25][26][27], the USA [28][29][30][31][32], and Egypt [7][8][9][10][11], [33] are presented here. The comparisons include power and frequency control rules and reactive power control rules.…”

Section: Requirement Of Reactive Current Injection During the Fault (mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technical Requirements for Connecting Solar Power Plants to Electricity Networks

Abdalla¹,

Mostafa²

2019

Innovation in Energy Systems - New Technologies for Changing Paradigms

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This chapter discusses basics of technical design specifications, criteria, technical terms and equipment parameters required to connect solar power plants to electricity networks. Depending on its capacity, a solar plant can be connected to LV, MV, or HV networks. Successful connection of a medium-scale solar plant should satisfy requirements of both the Solar Energy Grid Connection Code (SEGCC) and the appropriate code: the Electricity Distribution Code (EDC) or the Grid Code (GC) as the connection level apply. Connection of a large-scale solar plant to the transmission network should satisfy the requirements of both SEGCC and GC. For Small-Scale Photovoltaic (SSPV), the connection should satisfy both the SSPV Connection Code and the EDC. The objectives are to establish the obligations and responsibilities of each party; i.e. operators and all network users, thus leading to improved security, higher reliability and maintaining optimal operation. The technical specifications include permitted voltage and frequency variations in addition to power quality limits of harmonic distortion, phase unbalance, and flickers. Operational limits and capability requirements will be explained and discussed. Solar power grid connection codes of Egypt are explored first. Finally, brief comparisons of PV codes and related codes of UK, Germany, USA, and Egypt are presented.

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Overivew of grid codes for photovoltaic integration

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Secondary Voltage Control Application in a Smart Grid with 100% Renewables

Secondary Voltage Control Application in a Smart Grid with 100% Renewables

Fuzzy Logic Based Module-Level Power Electronics for Mitigation of Rapid Cloud Shading in Photovoltaic Systems

Technical Requirements for Connecting Solar Power Plants to Electricity Networks

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