Overexpression of the Transcription Factor GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR5 Improves Transformation of Dicot and Monocot Species

Kong, Jixiang; Martín-Ortigosa, Susana; Finer, John J.; Orchard, Nuananong; Gunadi, Andika; Batts, Lou Ann; Thakare, Dhiraj; Rush, Bradford; Schmitz, Oliver; Stuiver, Maarten H.; Olhoft, Paula M.; Pacheco-Villalobos, David

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.572319

Cited by 109 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…[6][7][8] ), there is the potential to combine these technologies and have synergistic effects in the regeneration efficiency of recalcitrant genotypes. A concurrent and independent study showed that overexpression of Arabidopsis AtGRF5 and AtGRF5 homologs positively enhances regeneration and transformation in monocot and dicot species not tested here 34 . We hypothesize that the benefits of the GRF4-GIF1 technology can be rapidly extended to other crops with low regeneration efficiencies by incorporating the GRF4-GIF1 chimera into current protocols.…”

Section: Grf4-gif2 Grf4-gif3mentioning

confidence: 65%

A GRF–GIF chimeric protein improves the regeneration efficiency of transgenic plants

et al. 2020

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The potential of genome editing to improve the agronomic performance of crops is often limited by low plant regeneration efficiencies and few transformable genotypes. Here, we show that expression of a fusion protein combining wheat GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR 4 (GRF4) and its cofactor GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (GIF1) substantially increases the efficiency and speed of regeneration in wheat, triticale and rice and increases the number of transformable wheat genotypes. GRF4-GIF1 transgenic plants were fertile and without obvious developmental defects. Moreover, GRF4-GIF1 induced efficient wheat regeneration in the absence of exogenous cytokinins, which facilitates selection of transgenic plants without selectable markers. We also combined GRF4-GIF1 with CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and generated 30 edited wheat plants with disruptions in the gene Q (AP2L-A5). Finally, we show that a dicot GRF-GIF chimera improves regeneration efficiency in citrus, suggesting that this strategy can be applied to dicot crops. Recent studies have reported improvements in the efficiency of plant regeneration from tissue culture by overexpression of plant developmental regulators, including LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (refs. 1,2), LEAFY COTYLEDON2 (ref. 3), WUSCHEL (WUS) 4 and BABY BOOM (BBM) 5. These genes promote the generation of somatic embryos or the regeneration of shoots. For example, overexpression of the maize developmental regulators BBM and WUS2 produces high transformation frequencies in previously non-transformable maize inbred lines and other monocot species 6-8. Another strategy uses different combinations of developmental regulators to induce de novo meristems in dicotyledonous species without tissue culture 9. However, there remains a need for new methods that provide efficient transformation, increased ease of use and suitability for a broader range of recalcitrant species and genotypes. GRF transcription factor genes are highly conserved in angiosperms, gymnosperms and moss 10. They encode proteins with conserved QLQ and WRC domains that mediate protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions, respectively 11-13. Many angiosperm and gymnosperm GRF genes carry a target site for microRNA miR396, which reduces the function of GRFs in mature tissues 14. The GRF proteins form complexes with GIF cofactors that also interact with chromatin remodeling complexes in vivo 15,16. Multiple levels of regulation control the efficiency of functional GRF-GIF complex assembly in vivo 17. Loss-of-function mutations in GIF genes mimic the reduced organ size observed in GRF loss-of-function mutants

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Section: Grf4-gif2 Grf4-gif3mentioning

confidence: 65%

A GRF–GIF chimeric protein improves the regeneration efficiency of transgenic plants

et al. 2020

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“…The application of these two promoters in the expression cassettes led to somatic embryogenesis within a week, and germination of these somatic embryos within 3–4 weeks. Similarly, the use of a combination of GRF and GIF has been proposed as a new method to tackle negative pleiotropic effects [ 170 , 182 , 238 ]. Debernardi et al [ 170 ] demonstrated that fertile transgenic wheat, rice, and citrus without obvious developmental defects can be achieved by the expression of a fusion protein combining wheat GRF4 and GIF1.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Approaches In Cannabismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Perspectives in Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Cannabis

Hesami

Baiton

Alizadeh

et al. 2021

IJMS

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For a long time, Cannabis sativa has been used for therapeutic and industrial purposes. Due to its increasing demand in medicine, recreation, and industry, there is a dire need to apply new biotechnological tools to introduce new genotypes with desirable traits and enhanced secondary metabolite production. Micropropagation, conservation, cell suspension culture, hairy root culture, polyploidy manipulation, and Agrobacterium-mediated gene transformation have been studied and used in cannabis. However, some obstacles such as the low rate of transgenic plant regeneration and low efficiency of secondary metabolite production in hairy root culture and cell suspension culture have restricted the application of these approaches in cannabis. In the current review, in vitro culture and genetic engineering methods in cannabis along with other promising techniques such as morphogenic genes, new computational approaches, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), CRISPR/Cas9-equipped Agrobacterium-mediated genome editing, and hairy root culture, that can help improve gene transformation and plant regeneration, as well as enhance secondary metabolite production, have been highlighted and discussed.

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“…Similarly, orthologs of SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK) originally identified in carrots ( Schmidt et al, 1997 ) have been linked with somatic embryogenesis in maize, rice, and rye ( Baudino et al, 2001 ; Singla et al, 2009 ; Gruszczyńska and Rakoczy-Trojanowska, 2011 ). Recently, also the maize ortholog of the developmental regulator GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR 5 (GRF5), and the wheat ortholog of GRF4 together with its cofactor GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR 1 (GIF1) have been linked with increased regeneration ( Debernardi et al, 2020 ; Kong et al, 2020 ). Many transformation protocols currently available rely on the embryonic regulators BBM and WUS.…”

Section: Putting Things To Use: Tissue Culturing For Genetic Transformationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pars Pro Toto: Every Single Cell Matters

et al. 2021

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Compared to other species, plants stand out by their unparalleled self-repair capacities. Being the loss of a single cell or an entire tissue, most plant species are able to efficiently repair the inflicted damage. Although this self-repair process is commonly referred to as “regeneration,” depending on the type of damage and organ being affected, subtle to dramatic differences in the modus operandi can be observed. Recent publications have focused on these different types of tissue damage and their associated response in initiating the regeneration process. Here, we review the regeneration response following loss of a single cell to a complete organ, emphasizing key molecular players and hormonal cues involved in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, we highlight the agricultural applications and techniques that make use of these regenerative responses in different crop and tree species.

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Overexpression of the Transcription Factor GROWTH-REGULATING FACTOR5 Improves Transformation of Dicot and Monocot Species

Cited by 109 publications

References 78 publications

A GRF–GIF chimeric protein improves the regeneration efficiency of transgenic plants

A GRF–GIF chimeric protein improves the regeneration efficiency of transgenic plants

Advances and Perspectives in Tissue Culture and Genetic Engineering of Cannabis

Pars Pro Toto: Every Single Cell Matters

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