Overexpression of scavenger receptor and infiltration of macrophage in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with ischemic heart disease and diabetes

Santiago‐Fernández, Concepción; Pérez‐Belmonte, Luis M.; Millán-Gómez, Mercedes; Moreno-Santos, Inmaculada; Carrasco-Chinchilla, Fernando; Ruíz-Salas, Amalio; Morcillo‐Hidalgo, Luis; Melero, José M.; Garrido‐Sánchez, Lourdes

doi:10.1186/s12967-019-1842-2

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…65 The immune cell population found in EAT may also be influenced by diabetes since dendritic cells (professional antigen-presenting cells contributing to regulation of lymphocyte immune response) were downregulated, 66 whereas infiltrating pro-inflammatory macrophages were upregulated in EAT from patients with T2D. 67 Thus, EAT in T2D is particularly inflamed, which could accelerate atherosclerosis and cardiac complications in this population (Figure 1).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial adipose tissue: an emerging biomarker of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes?

Christensen

Scholten

Lehrskov

et al. 2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and heart failure, which highlights the need for improved understanding of factors contributing to the pathophysiology of these complications as they are the leading cause of mortality in T2D. Patients with T2D have high levels of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT). EAT is known to secrete inflammatory factors, lipid metabolites, and has been proposed to apply mechanical stress on the cardiac muscle that may accelerate atherosclerosis, cardiac remodeling, and heart failure. High levels of EAT in patients with T2D have been associated with atherosclerosis, diastolic dysfunction, and incident cardiovascular events, and this fat depot has been suggested as an important link coupling diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Despite this, the predictive potential of EAT in general, and in patients with diabetes, is yet to be established, and, up until now, the clinical relevance of EAT is therefore limited. Should this link be established, importantly, studies show that this fat depot can be modified both by pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. In this review, we first introduce the role of adipose tissue in T2D and present mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of EAT and pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) in general, and in patients with T2D. Next, we summarize the evidence that these fat depots are elevated in patients with T2D, and discuss whether they might drive the high cardiometabolic risk in patients with T2D. Finally, we discuss the clinical potential of cardiac adipose tissues, address means to target this depot, and briefly touch upon underlying mechanisms and future research questions.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial adipose tissue: an emerging biomarker of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes?

Christensen

Scholten

Lehrskov

et al. 2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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“…LOX-1 was found to be significantly higher in biopsies of epicardial adipose tissue in patients with type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease compared to control groups without type 2diabetes mellitus. No significant association was found between the duration of diabetes and increased LOX-1 [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of repeated bolus and continuous glucose infusion on a panel of circulating biomarkers in healthy volunteers

Feldbauer¹,

Heinzl

Klammer

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Hypothesis Glycaemic variability (GV) refers to fluctuations in the blood glucose level and may contribute to complications in patients suffering from Diabetes. Several studies show negative effects of GV on the cardiovascular system, however there is still a lack of conclusive evidence. Using an explorative cardiovascular panel, it is possible to simultaneously measure the effects on proteins relevant for cardiovascular processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rapid glucose excursions on cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in healthy individuals. Methods An explorative single-blinded cross-over study was performed in ten healthy men. Subjects received 3 times 20 grams of glucose i.v. over 5 minutes or 60 grams of glucose continuously over 3 hours. Blood was taken for repeated measurements of the cardiovascular panel over the following 6 hours and again after 24 and 48 hours. Results We observed a significant elevation of 7 cardiovascular biomarkers (BMP6, SLAMF7, LOX-1, ADAMTS13, IL-1RA, IL-4RA, PTX3) at t = 360min after rapid glucose infusion compared to a continuous glucose infusion. Conclusions Intraday GV seems to have acute effects on cardiovascular proteins in healthy test persons. Rapid glucose administration compared to continuous administration showed significant changes in BMP6, SLAMF7, ADAMTS13, IL1RA, PTX3, IL-4RA and LOX-1. Clinical trial registration NCT04488848.

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“…Genetic predisposition together with systemic insulin resistance, chronic levels of cholesteryl esters and modified LDL trigger beta cell damage and increase the risk of CVDs (Cleland, 2012;Ludwig et al, 2014). Apart from the presence of highly oxidized LDL and anti-oxLDL antibodies in T2DM, modified oxLDL receptors in human islet cells have also been confirmed by various groups (Alouffi et al, 2018;Santiago-Fernández et al, 2019;Xie et al, 2019;Puchałowicz and Ra c, 2020). Pancreatic cells are more prone to ROS-induced oxidative stress as these cells have limited intrinsic antioxidant defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2dm) and Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 95%

Pathological Crosstalk Between Oxidized LDL and ER Stress in Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Varghese

Ali

2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The oxidative modification of the major cholesterol carrying lipoprotein, oxLDL, is a biomarker as well as a pathological factor in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity and other metabolic diseases. Perturbed cellular homeostasis due to physiological, pathological and pharmacological factors hinder the proper functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is the major hub for protein folding and processing, lipid biosynthesis and calcium storage, thereby leading to ER stress. The cellular response to ER stress is marked by a defensive mechanism called unfolded protein response (UPR), wherein the cell adapts strategies that favor survival. Under conditions of excessive ER stress, when the survival mechanisms fail to restore balance, UPR switches to apoptosis and eliminates the defective cells. ER stress is a major hallmark in metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Though the pathological link between oxLDL and ER stress in cardiovascular diseases is well-documented, its involvement in other diseases is still largely unexplored. This review provides a deep insight into the common mechanisms in the pathogenicity of diseases involving oxLDL and ER stress as key players. In addition, the potential therapeutic intervention of the targets implicated in the pathogenic processes are also explored.

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Overexpression of scavenger receptor and infiltration of macrophage in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with ischemic heart disease and diabetes

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Epicardial adipose tissue: an emerging biomarker of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes?

Epicardial adipose tissue: an emerging biomarker of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes?

Effect of repeated bolus and continuous glucose infusion on a panel of circulating biomarkers in healthy volunteers

Pathological Crosstalk Between Oxidized LDL and ER Stress in Human Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

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