Overexpression and Purification of a Recombinant Chimeric HIV Type 2/HIV Type 1 Envelope Peptide and Application in an Accelerated Immunobased HIV Type 1/2 Antibody Detection System (AIBS): A New Rapid Serological Screening Assay

Ecker, Bernhard; Vollenhofer, Sabine; Bares, Tina; Schalkhammer, Thomas; Schinkinger, Manfred; Pittner, Fritz

doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.1081

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Qualitative determination of HBsAg [9], anti-HCV (McHutchison et al [10]) and HIV antibodies was carried out using a third generation ELISA kit (Ecker et al [11]). All ELISA kits were supplied from Sinosource Biopharmaceutical Inc., Sichuan, China.…”

Section: Laboratory Investigations and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Major risk of blood transfusion in hemolytic anemia patients

Omar

Salama

Adolf³

et al. 2011

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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Thalassemia is a congenital hemolytic disease caused by defective globin synthesis treated by blood transfusion. Transfusion-transmitted infections still make a great challenge in the management of patients with thalassemia major. The most important worldwide transfusion-transmitted infections are hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV. The objective of this study is to update the prevalence of the three major transfusion-transmitted infections HCV, HBV and HIV among thalassemic patients followed up in the Hematology Department, Children Hospital, Cairo University. The study included 174 multitransfused thalassemic patients (162 major and 12 intermedia), registered at the Pediatric Hematology Clinic, Cairo University. Their age ranged from 2 to 27 years with a mean of 11.26 ± 5.4 years. Patients were subjected to full history taking, stressing on history of blood transfusions (onset, frequency and duration) at a single or multiple centers and abdominal examination. Laboratory investigations including complete blood count, aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase), ferritin and viral markers of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) and anti-HIV were assayed for all cases by a third-generation ELISA method. HCV PCR was performed for 75 cases. Of the 174 patients, none of them were HBsAg and anti-HIV positive. However, 90 patients were anti-HCV positive (51.7%). HCV PCR was positive in 56 patients (74.3%) of the 75 with positive antibody tested. HCV antibody positivity is statistically significant with age of the patient, serum ferritin and liver transaminases (P < 0.01). HCV-RNA by PCR positivity was significantly related to patients' age and serum ferritin (P < 0.05). Serum ferritin showed statistically significant positive correlation with liver transaminases. Despite the decrease in prevalence of HCV antibody in our patients from 71% in 1995 to 51.7% in our study, yet HCV infection still represents a major health problem for our thalassemic patients, which requires more attention and efforts to challenge. There is a dramatic decrease in the prevalence of HBV infection over the last decade, thanks to mass compulsory vaccination and blood screening. HIV infection does not represent a problem owing to very low population prevalence.

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Section: Laboratory Investigations and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Major risk of blood transfusion in hemolytic anemia patients

Omar

Salama

Adolf³

et al. 2011

Blood Coagulation &Amp; Fibrinolysis

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“…Serological assays that rely on recombinant proteins as antigen are widely used in laboratory diagnostics (Ecker et al, 1996;Farber et al, 1993). As a prerequisite, single immunogenic viral genes have to be cloned into prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression plasmids to produce proteins in bacterial or mammalian cell cultures.…”

Section: Recombinant Protein-based Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological assays for emerging coronaviruses: Challenges and pitfalls

2014

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More than a decade after the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002/2003 the occurrence of a novel CoV termed Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) CoV challenges researchers and public health authorities. To control spread and finally contain novel viruses, rapid identification and subsequent isolation of infected individuals and their contacts is of utmost importance. Next to methods for nucleic acid detection, validated serological assays are particularly important as the timeframe for antibody detection is less restricted. During the SARS-CoV epidemic a wide variety of serological diagnostic assays were established using multiple methods as well as different viral antigens. Even though the majority of the developed assays showed high sensitivity and specificity, numerous studies reported on cross-reactive antibodies to antigens from wide-spread common cold associated CoVs. In order to improve preparedness and responsiveness during future outbreaks of novel CoVs, information and problems regarding serological diagnosis that occurred during the SARS-CoV should be acknowledged. In this review we summarize the performance of different serological assays as well as the applicability of the two main applied antigens (spike and nucleocapsid protein) used during the SARS-CoV outbreak. We highlight challenges and potential pitfalls that occur when dealing with a novel emerging coronavirus like MERS-CoV. In addition we describe problems that might occur when animal sera are tested in serological assays for the identification of putative reservoirs. Finally, we give a recommendation for a serological testing scheme and outline necessary improvements that should be implemented for a better preparedness.

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“…For HIV infections rapid test systems are available since 1996 [2]. Generally, positive results by test strips analyses are obtained in late stage of HIV infection, where only antibodies are present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%