Overcompensation in Response to Mammalian Herbivory: The Advantage of Being Eaten

Paige, Ken N.; Whitham, Thomas G.

doi:10.1086/284645

Cited by 596 publications

(526 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The loss of fitness may be due to increased energy investments and greater use of resources (Agrawal, 1999). Conversely, herbivory may be beneficial (Paige & Whitham, 1987;Paige, 1992). Herbivory on plants elicits a physiological response that can create an over compensation (excess) regrowth of tissue (Lennartsson et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rhizophora stylosa prop roots even when damaged prevent wood-boring teredinids from toppling the trees

Hendy

Cragg

2017

Hydrobiologia

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This study examines the ability of live Rhizophora stylosa prop roots to heal damaged tissues and defend against herbivorous attack from teredinids in three mangrove forests. Sites were chosen because damaged roots and teredinid activity were frequent. Responses of 81 R. stylosa roots to three levels of experimental damage were investigated: superficial, moderate and severe. Tannin intensity post damage was analysed using ImageJ. Losses of tissue and numbers of teredinid tunnels within damaged roots among sites were not significant in magnitude. Tissue regrowth varied significantly among roots; moderately damaged roots had an over compensatory regrowth of tissue. Yet, few roots with severe damage demonstrated the same level of excessive tissue regrowth, and many roots lost tissue to necrosis and teredinid attack. Superficially damaged roots did not succumb to teredinid attack. Rhizophora stylosa roots are able to defend against teredinid larval settlement by production of tannins in damaged cortex tissue and by an over compensatory regrowth. This study highlights the resilience and ability of mangroves to heal damaged roots and defend against woodborers. But, when losses of tissues expose the vascular cylinder, teredinid larvae will settle and tunnel into the root. The roots are then open to infection, and cell necrosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herbivory on plants elicits a physiological response that can create an over compensation (excess) regrowth of tissue (Lennartsson et al, 1998). Increased plant growth may ultimately achieve greater fitness (Paige & Whitham, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizophora stylosa prop roots even when damaged prevent wood-boring teredinids from toppling the trees

Hendy

Cragg

2017

Hydrobiologia

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“…In spite of this, overcompensation has been documented a number of times (e.g. Paige and Whitham 1987;Lowenberg 1994;Lennartsson et al 1997;Agrawal et al 1999). The first evidence of overcompensation provoked controversy about the possibility of mutualistic relationships between plants and herbivores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first evidence of overcompensation provoked controversy about the possibility of mutualistic relationships between plants and herbivores. For example, Bergelson and Crawley (1992) and Bergelson et al (1996) criticized the suggestion by Paige and Whitham (1987) that the herb Ipomopsis aggregata may benefit from its ungulate herbivores, and attributed their finding of benefits to methodological limitations. However, more recent studies in different experimental designs in this (Paige 1999) and other systems (Lennartsson et al 1998;Rautio et al 2005) provide more solid support for overcompensation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All the above models were constructed for monocarps. The empirical evidence of overcompensation mostly concerns plants with a single bout of seed production (Paige and Whitham 1987;Lowenberg 1994;Lennartsson et al 1997;Agrawal et al 1999;Rautio et al 2005), the reason being that comparing reproductive output of grazed plants with that of non-grazed plants is relatively straightforward in monocarps. The aim of this study was to examine whether overcompensation in terms of current and future performance can be observed in iteroparous perennial plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overcompensation in response to simulated herbivory in the perennial herb Sedum maximum

Olejniczak

2011

Plant Ecol

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A positive effect of herbivory on plant reproduction (overcompensation) has been documented mostly in monocarpic plants. Iteroparous perennials can be used to test whether enhanced reproduction in 1 year has negative future consequences as predicted by optimal allocation models. This study was intended to verify this prediction in the iteroparous herb Sedum maximum, applying mechanically simulated herbivory. I monitored 132 labelled S. maximum individuals during 2 years of study. They were randomly assigned to two groups: clipped and control. Infructescence dry mass, total seed dry mass, seed size, germination rate and an increase of root dry mass during the season were assessed in the experimental plants. Since only roots can survive to the next season, root dry mass was considered a reliable measure of allocation to future performance. Clipped plants showed increased fruit and seed dry mass versus the controls, with no other aspect of reproduction affected. Apical bud removal also had a positive effect on increase of root dry mass. The results indicate true overcompensation in response to simulated herbivory with no future costs of increased reproduction. Moreover, increased plant reproduction as a result of herbivory is likely to persist in the following years: clipping increased not only seed production but also root growth. This response is inconsistent with the results of optimal allocation models and the discrepancy is probably due to violation of the resource limitation assumption. Plants adapted to tolerate herbivory seem not to reproduce at the maximum rate when undamaged, but rather withhold resources to be allocated to reproduction after herbivory.

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An experimental application of Hypena opulenta as a biocontrol agent for the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum

Livingstone

Smith

Bourchier

et al. 2020

Ecol Sol and Evidence

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1. Pre-release testing for biological control agents is focused primarily on assessment of host-range specificity and safety of potential agents. Agent impact is considered prerelease; however, the ultimate assessment of an agent must occur following release in the field under the target population levels and conditions of the invaded ecosystems. The invasive Eurasian vine, Vincetoxicum rossicum, has spread aggressively through its invaded range of eastern North America since its initial introduction in the late 1800s. In laboratory tests, the Eurasian moth Hypena opulenta has shown great promise as a potential control agent for V. rossicum. 2. We were interested in the defoliating ability of H. opulenta and its subsequent effect on the seed production of V. rossicum under field conditions. To examine this, we established a field site near Kirkfield, Ontario, that consisted of meadow and forest understory plots, both of which were highly invaded by V. rossicum. 3. We report highly significant feeding by H. opulenta in both light conditions. Unexpectedly, we observed a significant increase in seed production following folivory in shade conditions. We observed no significant effect of larval folivory on seed production under sun conditions, where V. rossicum seed production is greater by a factor of 10 as compared to shade conditions. 4. It is unclear how continuous exposure to folivory by H. opulenta will affect mature V. rossicum stands, although it might be expected that such populations would invest in defenses to herbivory, possibly at the expense of reproductive output. In order to better understand if V. rossicum populations in either light condition could exhibit longer-term compensatory growth in response to folivory, further experimental work is needed that examines inter-annual variability in V. rossicum reproduction at variable H. opulenta densities. K E Y W O R D S biological control, compensatory growth, folivory, invasive species management, plant-herbivore interactions, plant invasion This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Overcompensation in Response to Mammalian Herbivory: The Advantage of Being Eaten

Cited by 596 publications

References 25 publications

Rhizophora stylosa prop roots even when damaged prevent wood-boring teredinids from toppling the trees

Rhizophora stylosa prop roots even when damaged prevent wood-boring teredinids from toppling the trees

Overcompensation in response to simulated herbivory in the perennial herb Sedum maximum

An experimental application of Hypena opulenta as a biocontrol agent for the invasive vine Vincetoxicum rossicum

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