Overcoming the Challenges of Water, Waste and Climate Change in Asian Cities

Rahmasary, Annisa Noyara; Robert, Suzanne; Chang, I‐Shin; Wu, Jing; Park, Jeryang; Bluemling, Bettina; Koop, S.H.A.; Leeuwen, Cornelis van

doi:10.1007/s00267-019-01137-y

Cited by 56 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…From the environmental perspective, the landfill and the incinerator are in a sensitive area of groundwater recharge. According to Rahmasary et al [45] landfills often lack appropriate sealing to prevent leaking. In the case of rupture of the sealing cells of the solid waste landfill, the local groundwater supplies will be contaminated, the water will be unfit for human consumption, and the natural recharge of the water mass will not be enough to neutralize the problem, since the recharge potential in this area is relatively low (2.1-4.5 hm 3 /year).…”

Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic, Environmental and Economic Simulation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Waste Heat Recovery: Terceira Island Case Study

Rocha‐Meneses

Silva²,

Cota³

et al. 2019

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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The aim of this study is to analyse from the thermodynamic, environmental and economic point of view an ORC for heat recovery from urban waste, using R245fa as a working fluid on the example of Terceira Island (Azores). The proposed ORC system includes two evaporators, two turbines, a condenser, a pump and a generator. The thermodynamic model is created using the Visual Basic programming language. In order to analyse the influence of pressure, temperature and mass flow on net output, efficiency, and mass flow rate of the power plant, the sensibility analysis is carried out. The results show that from the energetic point of view, urban waste recovery (using an ORC) could be a viable solution on Terceira Island, since the maximum net output produced from this system for a mass rate of 19 727 tonnes is 485 kW. The efficiency of the ORC is 25 %. Environmentally, the incineration of the urban waste produced on the island is a positive solution for these residues since it will reduce the amount of waste deposited in the landfill. However, this project is not economically viable. The losses estimated in this study exceed 500 000 EUR (per year).

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Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic, Environmental and Economic Simulation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Waste Heat Recovery: Terceira Island Case Study

Rocha‐Meneses

Silva²,

Cota³

et al. 2019

Environmental and Climate Technologies

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“…As of 2018, 11 cities in Asia (Jakarta, Manila, Ahmedabad, Bandung, Tianjin, Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Bangkok, Hohhot, Taipei, Seoul and Singapore) had been assessed by the City Blueprint Approach [20]. Based on the BCI, one city (Jakarta) was categorized as "Cities lacking basic water services", five cities (Ahmedabad, Bandung, Bangkok, HCMC and Manila) were categorized as "Wasteful cities", three cities (Hohhot, Taipei, Tianjin) were categorized as "Water efficient cities", and two cities (Seoul, Singapore) were "Resource efficient cities" [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The institution responsible for this program is Singapore's National Water Agency. This makes Singapore one of the leading cities, with a very high BCI [20]. These examples can be implemented in Ulaanbaatar to improve water management and governance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the City Blueprint Approach in Landlocked Asian Countries: A Case Study of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Munkhsuld

Ochir

Koop

et al. 2020

Water

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Urbanization is a major global development. At present, more than half of the world population lives in urban areas, i.e., cities. One of the fundamental requirements of citizens is safe and sufficient drinking water. The premises for water security are adequate water management and governance. In this study, we determine priorities for Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and assess the governance capacities of different organizations to address IWRM in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of the landlocked Asian country Mongolia. We apply the City Blueprint Approach (CBA), a diagnosis tool, to assess IWRM in Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia. The overall score, the Blue City Index (BCI), is 2.3 points for Ulaanbaatar, which categorizes the city as wasteful. Flood risk and economic pressure have a great impact on the water sector in Ulaanbaatar city. In particular, Ulaanbaatar’s waste water treatment (WWT) can be improved. Often, only primary and a small portion of secondary WWT is applied, leading to large-scale pollution. Water consumption and infrastructure leakages are high due to the lack of environmental awareness and infrastructure maintenance. Operation cost recovery is not sufficient to sustain urban water services in Ulaanbaatar. Water governance and more specifically monitoring, evaluation and statutory compliance are among the factors that need to be addressed.

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“…Among the 11 Asian cities analyzed with CBF, Singapore, with a TPI of 1.0, and Taipei, with a TPI of 1.4, were most comparable to Seoul. However, the other eight Asian cities (with TPIs of 1.9~2.6) face greater concerns, generally due to social pressure from high urbanization rates, environmental pressure from water scarcity, flooding, and heat risk, and financial pressure from low GDPs [28]. A full overview of TPI scores for 70 municipalities and regions, including 11 Asian cities, is provided in the most recent version of the E-Brochure [15].…”

Section: Trends and Pressures Of Seoulmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Urban Water Management Sustainability of a Megacity: Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

Kim

Son

Lee

et al. 2018

Water

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Many cities are facing various water-related challenges caused by rapid urbanization and climate change. Moreover, a megacity may pose a greater risk due to its scale and complexity for coping with impending challenges. Infrastructure and governance also differ by the level of development of a city which indicates that the analysis of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and water governance are site-specific. We examined the status of IWRM of Seoul by using the City Blueprint®Approach which consists of three different frameworks: (1) Trends and Pressures Framework (TPF), (2) City Blueprint Framework (CBF) and (3) the water Governance Capacity Framework (GCF). The TPF summarizes the main social, environmental and financial pressures that may impede water management. The CBF assesses IWRM of the urban water cycle. Finally, the GCF identifies key barriers and opportunities to develop governance capacity. The results indicate that nutrient recovery from wastewater, stormwater separation, and operation cost recovery of water and sanitation services are priority areas for Seoul. Furthermore, the local sense of urgency, behavioral internalization, consumer willingness to pay, and financial continuation are identified as barriers limiting Seoul's governance capacity. We also examined and compared the results with other mega-cities, to learn from their experiences and plans to cope with the challenges in large cities.

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Overcoming the Challenges of Water, Waste and Climate Change in Asian Cities

Cited by 56 publications

References 50 publications

Thermodynamic, Environmental and Economic Simulation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Waste Heat Recovery: Terceira Island Case Study

Thermodynamic, Environmental and Economic Simulation of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) for Waste Heat Recovery: Terceira Island Case Study

Application of the City Blueprint Approach in Landlocked Asian Countries: A Case Study of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Assessing Urban Water Management Sustainability of a Megacity: Case Study of Seoul, South Korea

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