Overcoming Aggregation-Caused Quenching by an Improved Porphyrin Hybrid and Its Application in Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Biosensing

Abstract

Research in the field of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has been centered on the hunt for efficient electrochemiluminescent materials but remains a great challenge. In this paper, we report a metalized porphyrin hybrid that exhibits high ECL emission efficiency and apply it as a new luminophore for the first time. A lanthanum metal functionalized organic ligand 5,10,15,20-tetrakis­(4-carboxyphenyl)­porphyrin (TCPP) hybrid (LPH) was synthesized by a one-pot solvothermal method. TCPP exhibits a relatively obvious aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect in aqueous media, which is responsible for its undesirable ECL emission. The metalized TCPP overcomes the disadvantages of poor stability and easy agglomeration, while the improved hybrid is able to enrich more coreactants and shorten the electron transfer distance. Importantly, this strategy is to anchor the TCPP in an ordered structure through coordination binding, thereby extending the distance between molecules and further eliminating the ACQ effect of the TCPP itself. The optical properties of the obtained LPH are significantly improved. On this basis, using LPH as an efficient transmitter, we constructed an ECL immunosensor for the diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Significantly, the study not only proposes a new strategy for the diagnosis of NSCLC but also enriches the research of ECL emitters with the ACQ effect.

Silver Nanoparticles In Situ Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence of the Porphyrin Organic Matrix for Highly Sensitive and Rapid Monitoring of Tetracycline Residues

“…(curve d). As shown in Figure C, the ECL signal of Ag@AgPOM (curve a) is significantly higher and more stable in comparison with TCPP (curve b) and TCPP aggregation (curve c), suggesting the elimination of the ACQ effect of TCPP in Ag@AgPOM . Such ECL enhancement of Ag@AgPOM is also suspected that the heterostructure of Ag@AgPOM could enhance the ECL interface effect and Ag NPs from Ag@AgPOM as the co-reaction accelerators effectively promote the ECL reaction.…”

“…The electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing system, known for its high sensitivity, simplified instrumentation, and excellent controllability, has been widely applied to environmental pollutant monitoring, pharmaceutical analysis, and clinical detection. , To provide increased promotion for the evolution of ECL sensing applications, the exploitation of high-performing ECL emitters and co-reaction accelerators plays a crucial role . Various ECL emitters are being continuously developed, including the classic inorganic complex (e.g., ruthenium), organic molecules (e.g., luminol and porphyrins), , metal nanoclusters (e.g., gold and copper nanoclusters), quantum dots (e.g., carbon dots), etc. Among them, porphyrins, as a class of macrocyclic organic compounds, possess prominent photophysical properties, good biocompatibility, and are easy to modify, thus receiving extensive attention .…”