Over the dike top: modelling the hydraulic load of overtopping waves including transitions for dike cover erosion

Abstract

Samenvatting 1 Introduction 2 An analytical model of wave overtopping flow velocities on dike crests and landward slopes 3 Modelling the wave overtopping flow over the crest and the landward slope of grass-covered flood defences. 4 The wave overtopping load on landward slopes of grasscovered flood defences: deriving practical formulations using a numerical model. 5 The effects of transitions in cover type and height on the wave overtopping load on grass-covered flood defences 6 The cross-dike failure probability by wave overtopping over grass-covered and damaged dikes 7 Discussion 8 Conclusions and recommendations List of References

The Effect Of Geometrical Transitions On The Wave Overtopping Load

“…In reality, the bed roughness changes for clay in erosion holes and asphalt for roads. However, previous studies have shown that the change in roughness only has a limited effect on the hydraulic load (Van Bergeijk, 2022;Van Bergeijk et al, 2020b;Bomers et al, 2018).…”

“…A model study is performed wherein the main design parameters are varied. The effect of the design parameters on the load are quantified using a regression analysis as described by Chen et al (2020) and Van Bergeijk et al (2022). For all four cases, the overtopping volume V is varied since this parameter determined the amount of water flowing over the crest.…”

Vertical dependences in swash-zone flows and sand transport

“…Another way of dealing with this is to remove the air phase from the VoF implementation. This is the approach used by García-Maribona et al (2021, 2022, which also explains the lack of air under broken bores in their results. This was until recently not available in OpenFOAM, however, a novel study has implemented such a model in the OpenFOAM environment (Qwist and Christensen, 2023).…”

“…This model uses the Volume of Fluid (VoF) method to discriminate between air and water in the solution. Recently, a different model based on the IH2VOF model was used to study morphodynamics and intraswash suspended sediment dynamics under bichromatic waves (García-Maribona et al, 2021, 2022. An important difference between these two studies and the studies by Li et al (2019) and Kranenborg et al (2022), is that the latter uses a different implementation of the VoF method.…”