Over‐Oxidized Poly (Phenol Red) Film Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Ultra‐Trace Antimony (III)

Abstract

In this study, we introduce a very sensitive and selective method for the differential pulse anodic stripping determination of Sb(III) ion on the over‐oxidized poly(phenol red) modified glassy carbon electrode (PPhRedox/GCE) in 0.1 mol L‐1 HCl medium. The formation of both poly(phenol red) and over‐oxidized poly(phenol red) film on the electrode surfaces were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. An anodic stripping peak of Sb(III) was observed at 0.015 V on the PPhRedox/GCE. Higher anodic stripping peak current of Sb(III) was obtained at PPhRedox/GCE compared with both bare GCE and poly(phenol red) film modified GCE (PPhRed/GCE). The calibration graph consisted of two linear segments of 0.044 ‐ 1.218 μg L−1 and 3.40 – 18.26 μg L−1 with a detection limit of 0.0075 μg L−1. The proposed over‐oxidized polymer film modified electrode was applied successfully for the analysis of antimony in different spiked water samples. Spiked recoveries for water samples were obtained in the range of 93.0–103.0%. The accuracy of the method was also verified through the analysis of standard reference materials (SCP SCIENCE‐EnviroMAT™ EP−L‐2).

Boron-Modified Defect-Rich Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets: Reducing Nonspecific Adsorption and Promoting a High Capacity for Isolation of Immunoglobulin G

“…In Figure a, the single peak at 185.5 eV was B 1s, which provided an evidence of boron (B) element existence on the MoS 2 –Lys–CBX. As shown in Figure b, there are three types of oxygen bonds, O in borate ester (533.44 eV), O–CO (532.47 eV), and N–CO (531.78 eV) in O 1s spectrum. − The high-resolution spectrum of C 1s (Figure c) showed four peaks at 288.79, 287.72, 286.24, 284.86, and 283.90 eV, which were attributed to CO in carboxyl, CO in amide, C–O, C–C/C–H, and C–B bonds, respectively. , From N 1s spectrum (Figure d), the appearance of the peak at 399.58 eV, assigned to the OC–N of the amide group, is distinct evidence of the amide reaction. The high-resolution S 2p and Mo 3d spectra of MoS 2 and MoS 2 –Lys–CBX, respectively, are shown in Figure S2.…”

Gold nanoparticles/over-oxidized poly-eriochrome black T film modified electrode for determination of arsenic

“…Reversible redox behaviour was observed for all the electrodes. The best redox behaviour was observed for AuNPs/pEBT ox /GCE, owing to the enhanced surface properties with the over-oxidation process [ 31 ] and Au particle-deposition. To demonstrate the same, the active surface areas of AuNPs-pEBT ox /GCE, pEBT ox /GCE and bare GCE were obtained using the Randles–Sevcik equation, as 0.574, 0.063 and 0.041 cm 2 , respectively.…”

Highly improved electrocatalytic oxidation of dimethylamine borane on silver nanoparticles modified polymer composite electrode

“…Due to their unique properties, a variety of conducting polymers are used in analytical applications [40] as well as catalytic surfaces in fuel cells [41][42][43][44]. Recently, some reports have been published by our research group about application of polymer modified electrodes on neurotransmitter detection [45], oxygen reduction [46], ammonia borane investigation [47], and antimony detection [48]. In each substrate polymeric structure has provided long-term stability for metal nanoparticles.…”