Over and under-regulation in the Colorado Cannabis industry – A data-analytic perspective

Yates, Dave; Speer, Jessica

doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.06.001

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The Borland Regulated Market Model is a potential model for the production and supply of cannabis which would be consistent with these aims and encompasses manufacturers/importers, Cannabis Products Agency (government/health agency) and distribution to retail outlets. The aim of a governmental Cannabis Products Agency would be to control packaging, marketing prices and incentivise harm reduction with continual review of policies based on emerging evidence (Rogeberg et al, 2018;Transform, 2016;Yates and Speer, 2018).…”

Section: Conventional Prescription 2 Recreational-therapeutic Crossover and Harm Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online survey into developing a model for a legal cannabis market in the United Kingdom

James

Robertshaw

Pascoe

et al. 2021

Drug Science, Policy and Law

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Background Despite rescheduling of cannabis to Schedule 2 and amendments to the law permitting legal availability of cannabis for the treatment of medical conditions, access to cannabis for medical use remains challenging for patients in the United Kingdom (UK). Recreational use is widespread despite laws stating users can be sentenced to prison for up to 5 years for possession. Objective The aim of the study was to develop a model for a legal cannabis market in the UK building upon the results of a preceding study in which a UK population sample determined that pharmacies are the most suitable primary legal vendor of cannabis as opposed to regulated shops or the black market. Methods An online survey was developed using Qualtrics software and advertised via the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies’ Facebook, Twitter and Instagram social media accounts and monthly newsletter. Results Three hundred and ninety seven individuals, a majority having used cannabis at least once, consented to participate in the study. The participants concluded that there is enough evidence for cannabis to be prescribed to treat a range of medical conditions. In addition to pharmacies providing cannabis to patients with a prescription, a majority of participants supported cannabis being sold in pharmacies for harm reduction purposes and allowing access to medicinal cannabis in cases where supporting evidence is insufficient to merit a prescription. Participants supported greater integration between dispensing pharmacies and mental health services. Overall, the participants did not oppose a consultation or screening for potential cannabis users prior to obtaining access from licensed vendors. UK participants were supportive of the concept of a cannabis card, which users can present to licensed vendors such as pharmacies, with specific recommendations (such as strains relevant to a patient’s medical condition) being coded into the card. A majority of participants supported the existence of shisha-type bars for the purchase and onsite consumption of cannabis and determined that such vendors should not be part of a pharmacy chain of stores or regulated by pharmacy regulators. The participants generally preferred that laws regarding public consumption are in line with existing smoking legislation. Participants determined that it should be legally permitted to grow cannabis at home for personal medical and non-medical purposes but not to sell for profit. Conclusion The results are suggestive of a regulatory system that medical and non-medical cannabis users can use which aims to maximise therapeutic applications, minimise harms and respect individual liberty.

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Section: Conventional Prescription 2 Recreational-therapeutic Crossover and Harm Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Online survey into developing a model for a legal cannabis market in the United Kingdom

James

Robertshaw

Pascoe

et al. 2021

Drug Science, Policy and Law

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“…Consequently, METRC was initially ill-prepared to fulfill the market's demands. There was an avalanche of problems [108]: the MED regulatory agency mismanaged the roll-out of a predecessor system for medical cannabis [47], there were bottlenecks in manufacturing and distributing enough RFID tags for growers and producers [61], the central database had poor usability and uptime, preventing users from uploading their inventories as required by law [48], and innovative new products and business models could not be made to fit into METRC's models for logging transactions or ontologies for classifying products [17,121]. As METRC was introduced to regulate a legally precarious marketplace, its fumbled launch jeopardized the larger institutional experiment of legalizing recreational cannabis in Colorado.…”

Section: Case Study 2: Cannabis Informaticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

"This Place Does What It Was Built For"

Frey

Krafft

Keegan

2019

Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.

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Whether we recognize it or not, the Internet is rife with exciting and original institutional forms that are transforming social organization on and offline. Governing these Internet platforms and other digital institutions has posed a challenge for engineers and managers, many of whom have little exposure to the relevant history or theory of institutional design. The dominant guiding practices for the design of digital institutions to date in human-computer interaction, computer-supported cooperative work, and the tech industry at large have been an incentive-focused behavioral engineering paradigm encompassing atheoretical approaches such as emulation, A/B-testing, engagement maximization, and piecemeal issue-driven engineering. One institutional analysis framework that has been useful in the study of traditional institutions comes from scholars of natural resource management, particularly that community of economists, anthropologists, and environmental and political scientists focused around the work of Elinor Ostrom, known collectively as the "Ostrom Workshop." A key finding from this community that has yet to be broadly incorporated into the design of many digital institutions is the importance of including participatory change mechanisms in what is called a "constitutional layer" of institutional design. The institutional rules that compose a constitutional layer facilitate stakeholder participation in the ongoing process of institutional design change. We explore to what extent consideration of constitutional layers is met or could be better met in three varied cases of digital institutions: cryptocurrencies, cannabis informatics, and amateur Minecraft server governance. Examining such highly varied cases allows us to demonstrate the broad relevance of constitutional layers in many different types of digital institutions.

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“…1,2 The discovery of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) by Mechoulam and colleagues 3 paved the way for subsequent discoveries of endocannabinoids (eCBs) 4,5 and the cannabinoid receptors. 6,7 Since the legalization of Cannabis-containing products by the states of Colorado and Washington in 2012, 8 22 of the 50 United States have decriminalized possession of small amounts of Cannabis, and many others have passed legislation that facilitates the medical use of Cannabis products. 9 Whereas the psychoactive effects may be sought after by recreational and spiritual users, secondary metabolites produced by Cannabis sativa L. and Cannabis indica Lam.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recreational, spiritual, and medicinal use of Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has been documented in Chinese and Indian texts since before 2000 b . c ., along the way accumulating around 5000 years of anecdotal and documented evidence of its psychoactive effects. , The discovery of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) by Mechoulam and colleagues paved the way for subsequent discoveries of endocannabinoids (eCBs) , and the cannabinoid receptors. , Since the legalization of Cannabis -containing products by the states of Colorado and Washington in 2012, 22 of the 50 United States have decriminalized possession of small amounts of Cannabis , and many others have passed legislation that facilitates the medical use of Cannabis products…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling

Cunningham¹

2019

J. Nat. Prod.

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Extracts from Cannabis species have aided the discovery of the endocannabinoid signaling system (ECSS) and phytocannabinoids that possess broad therapeutic potential. Whereas the reinforcing effects of C. sativa are largely attributed to CB1 receptor agonism by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), the observed medicinal effects of Cannabis arise from the combined actions of various compounds. In addition to compounds bearing a classical cannabinoid structure, naturally occurring fatty acid amides and esters resembling anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol isolated from non-Cannabis species are also valuable tools for studying ECSS function. This review highlights the potential of plant-based secondary metabolites from Cannabis and unrelated species as ECSS modulators.

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Over and under-regulation in the Colorado Cannabis industry – A data-analytic perspective

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Online survey into developing a model for a legal cannabis market in the United Kingdom

Online survey into developing a model for a legal cannabis market in the United Kingdom

"This Place Does What It Was Built For"

Plant-Based Modulators of Endocannabinoid Signaling

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