Over-All Glucose Utilization in Steroid Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Hausberger, Franz X.; Hausberger, B. C.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1955.183.2.302

Cited by 76 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Continued, chronic adrenal steroid secretion or administration has previously been shown to produce ß cell hyperplasia: (a) in a patient with adrenocortical adenoma (Lukens, Flippin and Thigpan. 1937) (Haist 1959), guinea pigs (Hausberger and Hausberger 1955) and rabbits (Volk and Lazams 1963). An increase of insulin in blood was found by in Chinese hamsters following glucosteroid treatment of pharmacological doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Immunoreactive Insulin in the Hypophysectomized Dog. [nl]Effect of Cortisol Replacement Therapy

Renauld¹,

Je²,

Af³

et al. 1970

Horm Metab Res

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Serum immunoreactive insulin (lRI) concentrations were measured in hypophysectomized and normal dogs, during an Lv. glucose tolerance test (GTI) (l g glucose per kg body weight). Animals were awaken and as quiet as possible, after 16-18 hour fast. Two blood sampies were withdrawn by venipuncture, in postabsorptive state, within 1 hr before the glucose load. Six blood sampies were taken after the glucose injection (5, 15, 25, 45, 60 and 90 minutes after glucose load). Hypophysectomized dogs received cortisol therapy, subcutaneously (1 mg/kg body wt./day, for 14-16 days, in saline), and the glucose tolerance tests with simultaneous measurement of IRI concentration in serum were performed again. The last cortisol injection was given 1 hour berore glucose load. Blood glucose and serum IRI concentration were measured according to Somogyi and Nelson, and Morgan and Lazarow tcchnique, respectively. Glucose tolerance test was normal in dogs after hypophysectomy, whether be fore or after cortisol treatment. Serum IRI concentration was not changed after hypophysectomy and/or cortisol treatment in dogs, in post-absorptive state. Serum IRI concentration curve after glucose injection was 10wer than normal in uninjected hypophysectomized dogs, cortisol therapy Icading it into normality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Immunoreactive Insulin in the Hypophysectomized Dog. [nl]Effect of Cortisol Replacement Therapy

Renauld¹,

Je²,

Af³

et al. 1970

Horm Metab Res

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“…As neither GP received medications including glucocorticoids, steroid-induced diabetes mellitus (as previously described in experimental settings) could be ruled out [23,24]. Simultaneously, a spontaneous hyperadrenocorticism in two young GPs was considered unlikely and no other signs such as alopecia, potbelly, or muscle wasting were observed [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition to type I and type II DM, other types of DM like gestagen-and steroidinduced DM have been reported in GPs. Therefore, individual treatment approaches are necessary to optimize treatment success in this species [22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Insulin Glargine Treatment in Two Pet Guinea Pigs with Suspected Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Kreilmeier-Berger

Zeugswetter

Blohm

et al. 2021

Animals

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Scientific information on spontaneous type I diabetes mellitus (DM) and treatment modalities in guinea pigs is scarce. As most diabetic guinea pigs are overweight and respond to dietary changes, a disorder resembling type II-DM in humans seems to be most prevalent in this species. In the present report, a nine-month-old female intact guinea pig (GP1) was presented because of a cataract and polyphagia. The physical examinations in GP1 and its littermate, GP2, were unremarkable. Laboratory tests revealed hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, elevated fructosamine concentrations, and glucosuria in GP1 and GP2. Not responding to dietary changes, an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was suspected in both animals. Treatment with 0.5 IU of glargine insulin (Lantus®) per guinea pig subcutaneously (s.c.) once daily was initiated in both animals. Monitoring included repeated clinical evaluations and the measurement of plasma glucose and fructosamine concentrations. Capillary glucose concentration was measured using a glucometer, and glucosuria was monitored by dipstick. Blood glucose concentrations decreased quickly in both GPs, and glucosuria resolved. Including several dose adjustments, DM remained controlled for over 1.5 years. Bilateral cataracts and lens-induced uveitis in GP1 were medically managed with only slight progression. This is the first report of guinea pigs with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus that were successfully treated with long-acting basal insulin glargine.

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“…Rapid inhibition of glucose utilization in vitro by various non-hepatic organs of mouse and rat has also been clearly demonstrated (Morgan, Henderson, Regen & Park, 1959;Overell, Condon & Petrow, 1960 Leboeuf, Renold & Cahill, 1962;Munck, 1962). Similarly, it has been shown that, in the longer term (24 h or more), corticosteroid administration causes increased hepatic gluconeogenesis with increased hepatic release of new glucose in rats, guinea-pigs, dogs, man and sheep (Long, Katzin & Fry, 1940;Wick, Drury & McKay, 1951 ;Welt, Stetten, Ingle & Morley, 1952;Hausberger & Hausberger, 1955;Altszuler, Steele, Wall & De Bodo, 1957;Fabrykant, Jackson & Ashe, 1957;Ford & Winchester, 1974).…”

Section: Metabolic Clearance Ofglucosementioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of Cortisol on Utilization and Hepatic Release of Glucose in the Marsupial Brush-Tailed Opossum, Trichosurus Vulpecula

McDonald¹,

Than²

1976

Journal of Endocrinology

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Brush-tailed opossums were prepared surgically with indwelling heatic and jugular venous catheters for blood sampling without disturbance in the conscious state. Hepatic extraction of Rose Bengal was 21 +3 (s.d.) % and hepatic clearance, used as a measure of hepatic blood flow, was 42.5 +7 ml/kg/min. Hepatic relaease of new glucose, calculated from the thorias vena caval-hepatic venous difference in glucose specific activity at equilibrium during i.v. infusion of [14C]glucose and hepatic blood flow, was 3.5 + o.0 mg/kg/mim. This was not changed by i.v. infusions of 10% ethanolic aline or cortisol in ethanolic saline, at 1mg/kg/h for 90 min, although the cortisol infusion caused the peripheral blood glucose concentration to rise form 56.5 + 7.3 to 83.2 + 10.3 mg/100ml. The rate of metabolic clearance of glucose fell from 6.1 +1.1 to 4.2 +0.9 ml/kg/min during i.v. cortisol infusion. Daily i.m. injection of 1 mg cortisol accetate/kg for 5 days caused an increase in hepatic new glucose release to 8.0 + 1.6 mg/kg/min. The findings support the propostion that, in the marsupial, the short-term effect of cortisol on plasma glucose concentration is due to inhibition of peripheral glucose utilization, whereas the long-term effect is due to increased hepatic glucose production.

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Over-All Glucose Utilization in Steroid Diabetic Guinea Pigs

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Serum Immunoreactive Insulin in the Hypophysectomized Dog. [nl]Effect of Cortisol Replacement Therapy

Serum Immunoreactive Insulin in the Hypophysectomized Dog. [nl]Effect of Cortisol Replacement Therapy

Successful Insulin Glargine Treatment in Two Pet Guinea Pigs with Suspected Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Effect of Cortisol on Utilization and Hepatic Release of Glucose in the Marsupial Brush-Tailed Opossum, Trichosurus Vulpecula

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