Over 100 Million Frames per Second 368 Frames Global Shutter Burst CMOS Image Sensor with Pixel-wise Trench Capacitor Memory Array

Abstract

In this paper, a prototype ultra-high speed global shutter complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor with pixel-wise trench capacitor memory array achieving over 100 million frames per second (fps) with up to 368 record length by burst correlated double sampling (CDS) operation is presented. Over 100 Mfps high frame rate is obtained by reduction of pixel output load by the pixel-wise memory array architecture and introduction of the burst CDS operation which minimizes the pixel driving pulse transitions. Long record length is realized by high density analog memory integration with Si trench capacitors. A maximum 125 Mfps frame rate with up to 368 record length video capturing was confirmed under room temperature without any cooling system. The photoelectric conversion characteristics of the burst CDS operation were measured and compared with those of the conventional CDS operation.

Optical Detection Methods for High-Throughput Fluorescent Droplet Microflow Cytometry

“…With CCD sensors, the maximum imaging throughput is ~1000 frames per second or droplets per second (fps/dps). CMOS cameras have higher framerates than CCDs, with some setups achieving framerates more than a million frames per second [ 138 , 139 ]. They are also more compact and can be equipped with compact lens systems.…”

Accurate Non-Disturbance Population Survey Method of Nesting Colonies in the Reedbed with Georeferenced Aerial Imagery

“…The swath width (Table 3), on the other hand, is narrow and justifies the autonomous autopilot flight described above. In the future, we can expect even faster readout speeds [16]. The system records the position and tilt of the camera during the exposure, which means the x, y, and z location of the camera's projection center point and the yaw, pitch, and roll of the camera axis.…”

“…The swath width ( Table 3 ), on the other hand, is narrow and justifies the autonomous autopilot flight described above. In the future, we can expect even faster readout speeds [ 16 ].…”

A High Dynamic Range High Speed Pixel Operating at 100 Million Frames Per Second

“…This way, a pixel rate of about 1 terapixel per second can be achieved while the conventional approach that extracts continuously the frames from the sensor is limited to a few tens of Gigapixel per second [2]. Thus, a frame rate of several Megaframe per second (Mfps) can be achieved with a spatial resolution of about 1 megapixel [3] and a frame rate of several Gigaframe per second has been demonstrated with a streak camera approach with a reduced spatial resolution [4]. At such a frame rate, the exposure time is very short, thus the pixel analogue front end has to operate at a high speed while providing a high gain.…”

“…Indeed, storing the images in an additional tier allows to save space on the first one that could be utterly dedicated to the sensitive part of the pixel in order to increase the fill factor. Additionally, the supplementary tier allows storing more frame in order to increase the movie length [3] . Moreover, pushing the 3D stacked up to 3 or more tiers makes it possible to implement more on chip functionality such as analogue to digital conversion [5][6].…”