Ovarian-type Tumors (Mullerian Tumors) of the Testis: Clinicopathologic Findings with Recent Advances

Abstract

Ovarian-type epithelial tumors rarely occur in the human testis and paratesticular region. Histologically, these tumors closely resemble their ovarian counterparts and are therefore classified similarly to ovarian epithelial tumors. Most reported ovarian-type tumor cases are serous tumors, but the full spectrum of ovarian neoplasms has been described, including mucinous, endometrioid, clear cell, and Brenner tumors. In this review, we describe the clinical, morphologic, and immunohistochemical features of Mullerian-type epithelial tumors seen in the testis, with an emphasis on comparison with ovarian tumors. We also discuss theories of pathogenesis, considerations in the differential diagnosis, and recent advances in molecular characterization and therapeutic modalities.

Serous cystadenoma of the tunica testis: A case of malignancy mimicry

“…Serous histogenesis is supported by immunohistochemical positivity for WT-1, CK7, PAX-8 and ER, which are expected to be negative in mucinous cystadenomas of the testis. 4 Additionally, the histological finding of predominantly cuboidal and columnar to focal ciliated cells supports serous morphology. Unlike mucinous cystadenomas, the observed neoplastic cells did not resemble endocervical-type or intestinal-type columnar epithelium.…”

“…Müllerian-type epithelial neoplasms with serous differentiation demonstrate rare documentation within the literature, with only one case series reporting serous borderline tumors of the adult tunica albuginea of the testis. 2 , 3 , 4 This case highlights the need for clinicians and pathologists to recall the diagnosis of serous cystadenoma when investigating uncommon testicular tumors. This case also underscores the need for consensus guidelines in the management of these cases since the data is extremely limited.…”

“…Some authors theorize these tumors arise from the remnants of Mullerian ducts that form the male appendix, testis, epididymis, and connective tissue between testis and epididymis and spermatic cord, while others postulate that the source of origin is the Mullerian metaplasia of the surface linig mesothelium and metaplasia of mesothelium within testicular parenchyma. 2 , 3 , 4 …”

Paratesticular endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the ovarian surface epithelial type with neuroendocrine differentiation: an undescribed entity

“…OETs are usually treated with orchiectomy alone, and have a good clinical course without recurrence or metastasis 4 . Endometrioid tumours are exceedingly rare, with only five cases having been reported in the literature 1,4 . The differential diagnosis of tubuloglandular lesions in the testicular and paratesticular location include OET, carcinoma of the rete testis, epididymal carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, metastatic carcinoma, Sertoli cell tumour, and, rarely, adenomatoid tumour 3 .…”

Solid papillary breast carcinoma with reverse polarity, a case report

“…Here we present a case from our institution of a 27-year-old man with a testicular low grade serous carcinoma, arising from a serous borderline tumour, with a discussion of the histologic, immunohistochemical and molecular findings. [1][2][3]…”