Ovarian hormones do not mediate protection against pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular remodeling in female mice exposed to chronic, inhaled nicotine

Fried, Nicholas D.; Whitehead, Anna; Lazartigues, Eric; Yue, Xinping; Gardner, Jason D.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00467.2022

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…E-cigarette vapor exposure in mice also results in airway inflammation and an impaired immune response to bacteria and viruses, including defective bacterial phagocytosis [101]. To evaluate female-specific effects, a study using intact and ovariectomized female mice exposed to nicotine for 3 months revealed no differences in serum cotinine levels and no structural or functional cardiopulmonary dysfunction changes [106].…”

Section: Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Use and Related Health Effects

Alam,

Silveyra

2023

IJERPH

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Background: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) comprise a variety of products designed to deliver nicotine, flavorings, and other substances. To date, multiple epidemiological and experimental studies have reported a variety of health issues associated with their use, including respiratory toxicity, exacerbation of respiratory conditions, and behavioral and physiological effects. While some of these effects appear to be sex- and/or gender-related, only a portion of the research has been conducted considering these variables. In this review, we sought to summarize the available literature on sex-specific effects and sex and gender differences, including predictors and risk factors, effects on organ systems, and behavioral effects. Methods: We searched and selected articles from 2018–2023 that included sex as a variable or reported sex differences on e-cigarette-associated effects. Results: We found 115 relevant studies published since 2018 that reported sex differences in a variety of outcomes. The main differences reported were related to reasons for initiation, including smoking history, types of devices and flavoring, polysubstance use, physiological responses to nicotine and toxicants in e-liquids, exacerbation of lung disease, and behavioral factors such as anxiety, depression, sexuality, and bullying. Conclusions: The available literature supports the notion that both sex and gender influence the susceptibility to the negative effects of e-cigarette use. Future research needs to consider sex and gender variables when addressing e-cigarette toxicity and other health-related consequences.

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Section: Central Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Use and Related Health Effects

Alam,

Silveyra

2023

IJERPH

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Cardiovascular dysfunction induced by combined exposure to nicotine inhalation and high-fat diet

Whitehead,

Li,

LaPenna

et al. 2024

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Smoking and high fat diet (HFD) consumption are two modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) diseases, and individuals who are overweight or obese due to unhealthy diet are more likely to use tobacco products. In this study, we aim to investigate the combined effects of nicotine (the addictive component of all tobacco products) and HFD on CV health, which are poorly understood. C57BL/6N male mice were placed on either HFD (60 kcal% fat) or regular diet (22 kcal% fat) and exposed to air or nicotine vapor for 10-12 weeks. CV function was monitored by echocardiography and radiotelemetry, with left ventricular (LV) catheterization and aortic ring vasoreactivity assays performed at endpoint. Mice on HFD exhibited increased heart rate and impaired parasympathetic tone, whereas nicotine exposure increased sympathetic vascular tone as evidenced by increased blood pressure (BP) response to ganglionic blockade. Although neither nicotine nor HFD alone or in combination significantly altered BP, nicotine exposure disrupted circadian BP regulation with reduced BP dipping. LV catheterization revealed that combined exposure to nicotine and HFD led to LV diastolic dysfunction with increased LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Moreover, combined exposure resulted in increased inhibitory phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and greater impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Finally, a small cohort of C57BL/6N females with combined exposure exhibited similar increases in LVEDP, indicating that both sexes are susceptible to the combined effect of nicotine and HFD. In summary, combined exposure to nicotine and HFD leads to greater CV harm, including both additive and new-onset CV dysfunction.

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Sex as a biological variable for cardiovascular physiology

Lindsey,

Usselman,

Ripplinger

et al. 2024

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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There have been ongoing efforts by federal agencies and scientific communities since the early 1990's to incorporate sex and/or gender in all aspects of cardiovascular research. Scientific journals provide a critical function as change agents to influence transformation by encouraging submissions for topic areas, and by setting standards and expectations for articles submitted to the journal. As part of ongoing efforts to advance sex and gender in cardiovascular physiology research, The American Journal of Physiology: Heart and Circulatory Physiology recently launched a call for papers on Considering Sex as a Biological Variable. This call was an overwhelming success, resulting in 78 articles published in this collection. This mini-review summarizes the major themes of the collection, including sex as a biological variable within: endothelial cell and vascular physiology; cardiovascular immunity and Inflammation, metabolism and mitochondrial energy, and extracellular matrix turnover and fibrosis; neurohormonal signaling; and cardiovascular clinical and epidemiology assessments. Several manuscripts also focused on establishing rigor and reproducibility of key physiological measurements involved in cardiovascular health and disease as well as recommendations and considerations for study design. Combined, these articles summarize our current understanding of sex and gender influences on cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology, and provide insight into future directions needed to further expand our knowledge.

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Ovarian hormones do not mediate protection against pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular remodeling in female mice exposed to chronic, inhaled nicotine

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Use and Related Health Effects

Sex Differences in E-Cigarette Use and Related Health Effects

Cardiovascular dysfunction induced by combined exposure to nicotine inhalation and high-fat diet

Sex as a biological variable for cardiovascular physiology

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