Ovarian Changes During the Climacteric

Nicosia, Santo V.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5047-7_11

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…2,3,19 These studies have demonstrated that the HOSE undergoes a series of events during life, including the following: 1) a variable modulation from a monostratified and columnar to a pseudostratified and low-columnar morphology; 2) the formation of nests, invaginations or crypts, and inclusion cysts; 3) the development of papillary processes of various sizes and complexities; 4) a metaplastic tendency toward mü llerian phenotypes, including ciliated or tubal, endometrioid, and endocervical or mucinous; and 5) discrete cytologic alterations reflecting function, cell cycle events, reproductive status, and aging. 2,17 The current study identified two HOSE cell populations with morphometric features similar to those described in a previous scanning electron microscopy study of ovarian biopsies. 10 In that study, these pop- The larger cells probably were metaplastic in origin and probably resulted from chronic surface injury after ovulation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…17 Thus, care should be taken when cytologic brushings are being performed so as to avoid contamination with underlying ovarian tissues, especially extraovarian mesothelial cells, with which HOSE cells share a number of morphologic characteristics. 18 The findings of the current study indicate that the HOSE is not morphogenetically quiescent, in agreement with previous histologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytology of human ovarian surface epithelial brushings

Nicosia¹,

Wilbanks²,

Saunders³

et al. 2003

Cancer

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytology of human ovarian surface epithelial brushings

Nicosia¹,

Wilbanks²,

Saunders³

et al. 2003

Cancer

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“…Paresthesia, insomnia, and nervousness are weighted by 2 and the others by a factor by 1. The total sum is the final score, graded as mild (up to 19), moderate (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), and intense (>35).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climacteric in untreated isolated growth hormone deficiency

et al. 2008

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Objective-To study the time, intensity of symptoms, hormonal profile, and related morbidity of climacteric in women with untreated isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency (IGHD).Design-Women belonging to a large Brazilian kindred with IGHD due to a homozygous mutation in the GH-releasing hormone receptor gene were studied. None of them had ever received GH replacement therapy. A two-step protocol was performed. In the first case-control experiment, aimed to determine the age at climacteric, we compared eight women with IGHD and 32 normal women between 37 and 55 years of age. In the second cross-sectional experiment, aimed to determine the severity of climacteric symptoms, seven women with IGHD (aged 47-65 y) were compared with 13 controls (aged 44-65 y). The Kupperman Index scores, serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, and estradiol levels were determined, and pelvic and mammary ultrasonography, mammography, and colpocytology were performed.Results-The number of women with follicle-stimulating hormone above 20 mIU/mL was higher in women with IGHD than controls. Kupperman's Index was not different between the two groups. Menarche had been delayed and parity was lower in women with IGHD. Hormonal profile was similar, but prolactin was lower in women with IGHD. Uterine volume was smaller in women with IGHD, and endometrial thickness and ovarian volume were similar in the two groups. No difference in breast images or in colpocytology was observed between the two groups.Conclusions-Menarche was delayed and the beginning of climacteric is anticipated in untreated lifetime IGHD, but menopausal symptoms and hormonal profile resemble the normal climacteric. KeywordsClimacteric; Growth hormone deficiency; Growth hormone; Releasing hormone receptor; Gene mutation Climacteric usually occurs between 40 and 55 years of age and is characterized by the exhaustion of the ovarian follicles with the reduction of serum inhibin and estradiol and an increase in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), with menstrual cycle abnormalities usually appearing when FSH is above 20 mIU/mL and menopause occuring when it is above 40 mIU/mL. Climacteric causes several genital, urinary, nervous, metabolic, and cardiovascular alterations. The relationships between growth hormone (GH) and menopause are not fully understood. In rodents, GH deficiency (GHD) reduces litter size and the number of primordial follicles, suggesting that GH is required for normal female reproductive function female. 2 In humans, the accomplishment of puberty requires a critical weight, 3 and individuals with untreated GHD reach this weight at a later age, and they usually therefore present with delayed puberty. GH has important modulatory effects on gonadotropin-dependent and -independent functions of the ovary, affecting gametogenesis and steroidogenesis. 4 Accordingly, GH therapy has been used in assisted reproduction with different outcomes. 5,6 However, the effects of lifetime untreated GHD on climacteric are not known.In Itabaia...

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“…ysis of the remaining ovarian follicles in ovaries of women from random autopsy series or women having ovarian surgery (111)(112)(113)(114). Only recently, however, has the remaining number of follicles been related to the age of the woman to construct an age-specific rate of apparent follicle disappearance (113).…”

Section: Histological Studies Of Ovarian Changes Across the Lifespanmentioning

confidence: 99%