Ovarian and Pituitary Gland Changes in Gilts on Two Nutrient Energy Levels

Rl, Kirkpatrick; Be, Howland; Nl, First; Le, Casida

doi:10.2527/jas1967.262358x

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Bio-assay Relative fsh activity was estimated by the HCG-synergism (hcg-s) method of Steelman & Pohley (1953) as modified by Howland, Kirkpatrick, Pope & Casida (1966) and later by Short (1967). Relative lh activity was estimated by the ovarian ascorbic acid depletion (oaad) method of Parlow (1958) as modified by Kirkpatrick et al (1967). Ovarian ascorbic acid content was ad¬ justed by covariance for the rat ovarian weight by the method of Sakiz & Guillemin (1963).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…451 Since the ovarian responses to oestrogen, progesterone and the ICI 33828 compound are different, an experiment was designed to study pituitary fsh and lh levels coincident with ovarian information. Kirkpatrick, Howland, First & Casida (1967) and Parlow, Anderson & Melampy (1964) have reported that pituitary fsh and lh levels are low until about Day 4 of the oestrous cycle, then rise rapidly until Days 10 to 14, when the levels remain high until about Day 19. These facts provide the basis for an in vivo system which can be used to judge the effects of various treatments on synthesis and release of fsh and lh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The Effects of Injected Oestradiol-17 , Progesterone and Dietary Ici 33828 on Ovarian and Pituitary Functions in the Sow and Gilt

Dl¹,

Nl²

1969

Reproduction

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Two experiments using twenty-four sows and forty-eight gilts were designed to study ovarian and pituitary functions after treatment with oestradiol-17\g=b\(3 mg/day), progesterone (150 mg/day) or ICI 33828 (50 or 100 mg/day). The dose levels were chosen so that oestrus and ovulation would be inhibited.None of the treatments blocked total synthesis of fsh or lh within the 10-day treatment period. ICI 33828 at 100 mg blocked fsh release early in the cycle but 50 mg did not. Oestrogen also blocked fsh release early in the cycle. All follicle growth greater than 4 mm diameter was effectively inhibited by oestrogen and the corpora lutea were maintained. Both progesterone and ICI 33828 reduced the number of follicles growing larger than 5 mm as compared to the control gilts. All treatments blocked fsh release late in the cycle.There were increased levels of pituitary lh in ICI 33828-treated gilts compared to progesterone-treated gilts early in the cycle, but none of the treatments caused differences in lh levels from those found in the control gilts early in the cycle. All treatments blocked pituitary lh release late in the oestrous cycle.The pituitary content of prolactin did not differ significantly between treatments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Effects of Injected Oestradiol-17 , Progesterone and Dietary Ici 33828 on Ovarian and Pituitary Functions in the Sow and Gilt

Dl¹,

Nl²

1969

Reproduction

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“…During the estrous cycle Robinson and Nalbandov (1951) showed maximum follicle numbers during the period of day-8 to -13 and again on day-20, with day-14 to -18 being lower than the two above mentioned times. The mean diameter of the four largest follicles (Kirkpatrick et al, 1967) increased from day-2 to -10, then decreased to day-14, followed by a significant increase to day-18. A similar pattern was found for follicular fluid weight (Short et al, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Ovarian Follicular Development during the Estrous Cycle in Gilts following Electrocautery of Follicles

Clark

First

Chapman

et al. 1975

Journal of Animal Science

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This experiment was designed .to study follicular development at various days of the estrous cycle in intact gilts for comparison with follicular growth following the removal of surface follicles from the ovaries by electrocautery at different stages of the estrous cycle. Thirty-five Yorkshire-Poland China gilts were divided equally into seven subgroups. Four of the subgroups served as controls and were slaughtered on day-2, -8, -14 or-20 of the estrous cycle (day-0 = first day of estrus), respectively, and three of the subgroups were subjected to follicle-cautery on day-2,-8 or -14 of the estrous cycle, respectively, and were slaughtered 6 days after surgery. The following cyclical variations in follicular development were found in the intact control gilts: (1) the weight of the ovarian fluid increased (P<.05) to day-8, decreased (P<.05) to day-14 and then increased (P<.05) to day-20; (2) the number of small follicles (1 to 2 mm dia.) did not differ significantly among day-2, -8 and -14, but was reduced (P<.number of follicles increased (P<.01) from day-2 to -8, remained approximately the same from day78 to -14 and then decreased (P<.01) to day-20; (4) the number of large follicles (7 to 10 mm dia.) was low throughout the first three stages and then increased (P<.01) at day-20; and (5) the mean diameter of the four largest follicles increased (P<.01) from day-2 to -8, decreased slightly to day-14 and then increased (P<.01) in diameter to day-20. Resuits in the follicle-cautery gilts were: (1) no significant differences in the ovarian endpoints' measured six days following surgery at day-2 or day-8 and (2) fewer (P<.01) small and medium follicles and total number of follicles, but more (P<.01) large follicles and a greater (P<.01) diameter of the four largest follicles at day-20 than at day-8 or day-14. Comparisons between the control and follicle-cautery gilts at the same day of the estrous cycle showed the following:(1) the control gilts had more (P<.01) ovarian fluid than the follicle-cautery gilts at day-8; (2) there were not any significant differences between the control and follicle-cautery gilts in any of the ovarian follicular endpoints at day-14; and (3) the control gilts had more ovarian fluid (P<.05), more small follicles (P<.01) and more extra-large follicles (>10 mm dia., P<.05) but fewer medium follicles (P<.01) than the follicle-cautery gilts at day-20. The particular surface follicles which have the potential to ovulate, appear to start their macroscopically-visible growth between day-8 and -14 of the estrous cycle. (

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“…However, little information is available on the lactose metabolism remaining in circulation. In rat, it is known that a small proportion (6%) of injected 14 C-labeled lactose is oxidized to i4 C0 2 within 24 h (Weser and Sleisenger, 1967 (Kirkpatrick et al, 1967;Armstrong and Britt, 1987;Cox et al, 1987) and beef cows (Rutter and Manns, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma lactose after weaning and its relationship with lactose content of milk, post-weaning plasma oestradiol-17β and weaning to mating interval in sows

Matte

Guilbault²,

Dubreuil³

et al. 1989

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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a peak value of 183 23 pM 40 h later and then decreased to 91 ± 11 1 pM 66 h after weaning (P < 0.001 ). Milk production on day 21 (7.5 ± 0.3 kg) and the corresponding mik content of lactose (400.5 ± 0.2 g) were not related (P > 0.10) to area under the curve, timing, amplitude and spreading of the lactose peak in plasma. Similarly, none of the characteristics of the lactose peak were related (P > 0.10) to weaning to mating interval. There was a linear increase (P < 0.0001) in mean plasma E 2 concentrations (X ± SE) from 5.6 ± 0.3 pg/ml, 2 h after weaning, to 12.9 ± 1.2 pg/ml at the end of the sampling period. On a within-sow basis, there was a correlation (r = 0.28; P < 0.01) between post-weaning plasma lactose and E 2 concentrations.Results showed the existence of the post-weaning peak of plasma lactose in sows. None of the characteristics of this peak was related to milk lactose; studies are needed to evaluate the importance of the weak relationship with the post-weaning changes in E 2 concentrations. (P< 0,001). La production laitière au jour 21 (7,5 ± 0,3 kg) de même que la quantité totale de lactose correspondante (400,5 ± 0,2 g ) n'étaient pas reliées (P> 0,10) à la surface sous la courbe, l'amplitude, l'étalement et le moment où le pic de lactose s'est produit. De même, aucune des caractéristiques de ce pic de lactose n'était reliée (P > 0,10) à l'intervalle sevrage-saillie. Les concentrations de E 2 (5! SE) sont passées de 5,6 ± 0,3 pglml, 2 h après le sevrage à 12,9 ± 1,2 pglml à la fin de la période de prélèvement. Après correction pour les variations entre truies, il y avait une corrélation (r = 0,28, P < 0,01) entre les concentrations plasmatiques de lactose et de E 2 . Les résultats démontrent l'existence d'un pic de lactose plasmatique après le sevrage chez la truie. Aucune des caractéristiques de ce pic n'était reliée au contenu en lactose du lait; d'autres études s'avèrent nécessaires pour évaluer l'importance de la faible corrélation observée avec les concentrations post-sevrage de E 2 .truie -lactose plasmatique -lactose du lait -estradiol-171i -sevrage

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Ovarian and Pituitary Gland Changes in Gilts on Two Nutrient Energy Levels

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

The Effects of Injected Oestradiol-17 , Progesterone and Dietary Ici 33828 on Ovarian and Pituitary Functions in the Sow and Gilt

The Effects of Injected Oestradiol-17 , Progesterone and Dietary Ici 33828 on Ovarian and Pituitary Functions in the Sow and Gilt

Ovarian Follicular Development during the Estrous Cycle in Gilts following Electrocautery of Follicles

Plasma lactose after weaning and its relationship with lactose content of milk, post-weaning plasma oestradiol-17β and weaning to mating interval in sows

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