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Fossier, Robert

doi:10.4000/books.pumi.24376

Moulins Et Meuniers 2002

DOI: 10.4000/books.pumi.24376

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Robert Fossier¹

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2009

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“…The theory of an ideal, linear, phase-insensitive amplifier for an optical state is well developed [1]. Such devices are of interest for implementing continuous variable (CV) quantum computing and quantum information protocols [2,3,4], in particular as part of a quantum cloner designed to make the best possible copy of a quantum state [5,6,7]. In this context a linear, phase-insensitive amplifier may be considered "universal" as its operation is independent of the quantum state of the input light.…”

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Low-Noise Amplification of a Continuous-Variable Quantum State

et al. 2009

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We present an experimental realization of a low-noise, phase-insensitive optical amplifier using a four-wave mixing interaction in hot Rb vapor. Performance near the quantum limit for a range of amplifier gains, including near unity, can be achieved. Such low-noise amplifiers are essential for socalled quantum cloning machines and are useful in quantum information protocols. We demonstrate that amplification and "cloning" of one half of a two-mode squeezed state is possible while preserving entanglement.The theory of an ideal, linear, phase-insensitive amplifier for an optical state is well developed [1]. Such devices are of interest for implementing continuous variable (CV) quantum computing and quantum information protocols [2,3,4], in particular as part of a quantum cloner designed to make the best possible copy of a quantum state [5,6,7]. In this context a linear, phase-insensitive amplifier may be considered "universal" as its operation is independent of the quantum state of the input light.Quantum mechanics predicts that any optical amplifier must add a certain level of noise [1] which insures that such a device cannot be used to precisely clone an arbitrary quantum state [8,9,10,11]. Amplifier performance is often described in terms of the noise figure (NF), which is the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the amplified signal divided by the input SNR: NF= SNR out /SNR in . An ideal quantum-noise-limited phase-insensitive amplifier, with a coherent state as the input, will have NF = G/(2G − 1), where G is the intensity gain. Using such an amplifier and a beam splitter one can produce multiple copies of the input which are called "optimal quantum clones" for arbitrary Gaussian states. These are the best possible approximate copies of the original state [5,12].While the theory of ideal quantum-noise-limited optical amplifiers is well understood, practical implementations are few. Parametric down conversion (PDC) in nonlinear crystals has been used to make low-noise amplifiers, and Levenson, et al. achieved near quantumnoise-limited behavior in the high intensity pulsed pump regime [13]. In the CW pump regime it was observed that PDC was quantum limited when coupling efficiencies into the medium were accounted for [14]. A completely different approach uses linear optics and electronic feed forward techniques in order to amplify [15] and optimally clone [16] coherent states. Our experiment uses near-resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing (4WM) in 85 Rb vapor to amplify signals in a narrow-frequency band. Although 4WM is often accompanied by sources of excess noise, we have found conditions which allow the construction of a nearly ideal, quantum-noise-limited amplifier. By exploiting the low-noise characteristics of our device, we are able to amplify one of the modes from a two-mode squeezed state (twin beams) in order to make quantum clones. This represents an important step towards quantum cloning of an entangled state.As a first step in characterizing the behavior of the 4WM-based amplifier we measure the NF as...

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Low-Noise Amplification of a Continuous-Variable Quantum State

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Low-Noise Amplification of a Continuous-Variable Quantum State

Low-Noise Amplification of a Continuous-Variable Quantum State

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