Outsourcing strategies and distribution models in Italian Pharma Supply Chain

A Framework for the Collaborative Evaluation of Service Outsourcing Contracts in Pharmaceutical Logistics

“…When services are outsourced, the design must take into account the level of customer service, the services considered as value-added, the launch of new generic drugs, packaging activities, order management processes, IT check and validation [4]. The evaluation of the outsourced warehouses management takes into account management costs, the level of criticality of the drugs and the level of quality of patient care obtained [8] [10].…”

“…Therefore, it entails a specific complexity, high personalized characteristic and relevance in terms of performance and impact on costs and schedule [3]. Even if it is considered a non-core service, it requires a critical organization with efficient management of warehouses and drug flows, optimization patterns and long-term process planning, especially in the complex and highly regulated pharmaceutical industry [4]. Hospitals, clinics and in general healthcare facilities need to optimize their management system to reduce expenses while ensuring the accomplishment of patients' needs and the quality of patient care [5].…”

Redesigning the Drugs Distribution Network: The Case of the Italian National Healthcare Service

“…This supply chain is characterized by a high level of complexity due to the need for communication and coordination between multiple parties, and the definition of the distribution models is also driven by contextual factors, such as product features (often subjected to a cold chain), service requirements, distribution channels, demand properties, and national or local legislative restrictions. The definition of a proper pharmaceutical supply chain may be developed, guaranteeing a high level of service to patients, containing costs, and recognizing the drugs' ethical value [3].…”