Output grating couplers on planar waveguides as integrated optical chemical sensors

Lukosz, W.; Nellen, Philipp M.; Stamm, Ch.; Weiss, P.

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(90)80278-8

Cited by 48 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A variation of the input grating coupler setup where the outcoupling angle is monitored is called output grating coupler and is described in greater detail in [39]. Output grating couplers can be operated without any moving parts, leading to a much faster response time (sub-millisecond).…”

Section: Sensor Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evanescent field Sensors Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Waveguides – A Review

Schmitt

Oehse

Sulz

et al. 2008

Sensors

117

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Evanescent field sensors based on waveguide surfaces play an important role where high sensitivity is required. Particularly tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5) is a suitable material for thin-film waveguides due to its high refractive index and low attenuation. Many label-free biosensor systems such as grating couplers and interferometric sensors as well as fluorescence-based systems benefit from this waveguide material leading to extremely high sensitivity. Some biosensor systems based on Ta2O5 waveguides already took the step into commercialization. This report reviews the various detection systems in terms of limit of detection, the applications, and the suitable surface chemistry.

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Section: Sensor Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(b) Schematics of output grating coupler measuring the effective index changes Δn(TE 0 ) and Δn(TM 0 ) of the TE 0 and TM 0 modes; M, M′ = mirrors. From [39], Copyright Elsevier (1990).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Evanescent field Sensors Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Waveguides – A Review

Schmitt

Oehse

Sulz

et al. 2008

Sensors

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Laser radiation is end-fire coupled into the planar waveguide. At the grating the out-coupled beam is focused on a positionsensitive detector, since the output angle varies with refractive index in the bulk next to the grating [245]. The first results for measuring antigen/antibody interactions are given in [246].…”

Section: Waveguides With External Periodic Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects

Gauglitz

2020

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Direct optical detection has proven to be a highly interesting tool in biomolecular interaction analysis to be used in drug discovery, ligand/receptor interactions, environmental analysis, clinical diagnostics, screening of large data volumes in immunology, cancer therapy, or personalized medicine. In this review, the fundamental optical principles and applications are reviewed. Devices are based on concepts such as refractometry, evanescent field, waveguides modes, reflectometry, resonance and/or interference. They are realized in ring resonators; prism couplers; surface plasmon resonance; resonant mirror; Bragg grating; grating couplers; photonic crystals, Mach-Zehnder, Young, Hartman interferometers; backscattering; ellipsometry; or reflectance interferometry. The physical theories of various optical principles have already been reviewed in detail elsewhere and are therefore only cited. This review provides an overall survey on the application of these methods in direct optical biosensing. The "historical" development of the main principles is given to understand the various, and sometimes only slightly modified variations published as "new" methods or the use of a new acronym and commercialization by different companies. Improvement of optics is only one way to increase the quality of biosensors. Additional essential aspects are the surface modification of transducers, immobilization strategies, selection of recognition elements, the influence of non-specific interaction, selectivity, and sensitivity. Furthermore, papers use for reporting minimal amounts of detectable analyte terms such as value of mass, moles, grams, or mol/L which are difficult to compare. Both these essential aspects (i.e., biochemistry and the presentation of LOD values) can be discussed only in brief (but references are provided) in order to prevent the paper from becoming too long. The review will concentrate on a comparison of the optical methods, their application, and the resulting bioanalytical quality.

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“…Many total internal reflection (TIR) transduction set-ups have been proposed in the literature, such as the grating coupler immunosensor (Figure 2.5-9) [68,69], the waveguide interferometer [70], the waveguide polarimeter [71], and the light deflection immunosensor [72]. In the last type, the difference in binding capacity for antibodies immobilized onto hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces is explored [70].…”

Section: Waveguidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosensors for Diagnostics

2001

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Immunosensors can play an important role in the improvement of public health by providing applications for which rapid detection, high sensitivity, and specificity are important, in areas such as clinical chemistry, food quality, and environmental monitoring. The standard immunoassay techniques are the basis for the development of improved automated devices, exploring the accumulated know how of the implementation of indirect detection methods during the last 40 years. Today's systems achieve high accuracy, specificity, and sample throughput. Disposable immunotests (qualitative and quantitative), based on colored detection of an immunoreaction, are continuously expanding its applications for diagnosis of diseases, drug detection, and food quality control.Associated to the increasing demand of immunoapplications and with the new advances produced in the last decades in fields like biochemistry, biotechnology, electronics, and microfabrication, new transduction devices have been developed and applied to monitor immunoreactions. Optimization of the biochemical characteristics of the binding molecules, improved surface stability of the transducer interfaces, and reliable microsystems and integrated devices are the challenge for the next years of development. An overview of the immunoassay techniques used today in standard diagnosis will be presented, including a brief description of the different immunosensor transducers and some examples of the present developments and commercial devices.

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Output grating couplers on planar waveguides as integrated optical chemical sensors

Cited by 48 publications

References 10 publications

Evanescent field Sensors Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Waveguides – A Review

Evanescent field Sensors Based on Tantalum Pentoxide Waveguides – A Review

Critical assessment of relevant methods in the field of biosensors with direct optical detection based on fibers and waveguides using plasmonic, resonance, and interference effects

Immunosensors for Diagnostics

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