Outpatient Treatment for Chronic Schizophrenic Patients

Mendel, Werner M.

doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1963.01720080080011

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Therefore, it is impossible to determine whether the changes that were reported in the adult outpatients were a function of treatment by nonprofessionals or the result of spontaneous change. Bearing in mind this methodological limitation, we note that two studies (Berzon & Solomon, 1966;Mendel & Rapport, 1963) reported that outpatient adults treated by either professionals or nonprofessionals tend to show equal amounts of improvement as measured by the MMPI and the attrition rate (Berzon & Solomon, 1966) and the number of months spent out of the hospital (Mendel & Rapport, 1963).…”

Section: Outpatient Adultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The results of the six empirical studies (Albronda, Dean, & Starkweather, 1964;Berzon & Solomon, 1966;Denker, 1946;Magoon, Golann, & Freeman, 1969;Mendel & Rapport, 1963;Rioch, Elkes, Flint, Usdansky, Newman, & Silber, 1963) of the psychotherapeutic effectiveness of nonprofessionals with outpatient adults do not allow definite conclusions. Difficulty in interpretation arises because no study attempted to compare the therapeutic gains from treatment with the behavior change in a no-treatment or minimal-treatment control.…”

Section: Outpatient Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only study (Mendel & Rapport, 1963) to provide treatment less frequently than once a week to a disturbed population found that nonprofessionals and professionals were equally effective. Since this study did not employ a no-treatment control group, it is impossible to determine whether either group was more effective than not providing treatment.…”

Section: Length and Frequency Of Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nonprofessional as a psychotherapeutic agent

Karlsruher

1974

American J of Comm Psychol

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Section: Outpatient Adultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Outpatient Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Length and Frequency Of Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The nonprofessional as a psychotherapeutic agent

Karlsruher

1974

American J of Comm Psychol

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“…A study on the use of chlorpromazine carried out by Tuteur et al (1959) showed that 20.4% of patients discharged were back in hospital within three years, while Pollack (1958), in another study on chlorpromazine, reported that of 716 patients discharged 19% were readmitted. In a group treated with tranquillizers and monthly psychotherapeutic interviews Mendel and Rapport (1963) found that 21.6% were readmitted within one year. Free and Dodd (1961), in their study of 596 patients divided into a control and an aftercare group, found that 35.1% of the former and 14.6% of the latter were back within a year of discharge.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results of family-orientated therapy with hospitalized schizophrenics.

Esterson¹,

Cooper²,

Laing³

1965

BMJ

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ME~iBRITISIN 146210 eeme 1965 Pseudoipomia of Bre~ast-ShucksmP~Jit anld LDossett MEDICAL JOURNAL disk. The distribution of pseudolipomas by age-groups emphasizes the importance of the thickness of the breast disk. The pseudolipomas were found in four pre-menopausal and 14 post-menopausal women with cancer, a ratio of 1 to 3.5. This ratio is far higher than the ratio of 1 to 1.8 for the pre-menopausal to post-menopausal distribution of cancer found by Bonser et al. (1961, p. 351) in a series of 220 unselected breast cancers. The breast substance is 2 to 4 cm. thick in the pre-menopausal woman, but after the menopause it is often reduced to a thin sheet, less than 0.5 cm. in thickness. Clearly the cancer which starts in the thin postmenopausal breast can more readily affect the overlying fibrous septa.Although carcinomatous infiltration of the fibrous septa has been observed in this series it plays little part in the production of the pseudolipoma. When it occurs it produces firm adherence of the skin to the tumour.The oedema produced by the chronic inflammatory reaction in and around the expanded cancers seems the likely explanation of the production of the overlying pseudolipoma. When oedema is produced by severe or acute inflammation it may be so intense that oedema of the skin results.A swelling which was sufficiently defined to be easily felt under the pseudolipoma was found in 11 out of 18 cases, but a confident diagnosis of cancer could not have been made from physical examination except in three of these where the overlying skin was adherent. When an indefinite swelling was present under the pseudolipoma the cancer could have been entirely missed, and there were three patients with cancer in whom the only physical sign was the pseudolipoma. Conversely, in one of the patients in whom duct ectasia had produced a pseudolipoma involving nearly the whole of the upper part of the breast a definite swelling was palpated near the nipple and hard axillary nodes were felt.The finding of a pseudolipoma must be regarded as a signal that cancer is likely to be present. If the pseudolipoma is recognized directly over a readily palpable swelling and is symmetrically placed over that swelling, then the lesion is a cancer, and whatever treatment is preferred may be instituted. J., 1965, 2, 1462-1465 This is a report on the results of conjoint family and milieu therapy with hospitalized schizophrenics at two mental hospitals in the Greater London area. During the past 10 years the internal family milieu of schizophrenics has been intensively studied by workers in the United States-for example, Bateson et al. (1956), Lidz et al. (1958), and Wynne et al. (1958)-and by ourselves (Laing and Esterson, 1964. These studies, which have shown how frequently the person diagnosed as schizophrenic is part of a network of extremely disturbed and disturbing patterns of communication, have important implications for prevention, treatment, and aftercare.As a result of this work and that of psychotherapists with experience of prolo...

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“…While most studies have shown that rehospitalization rates are lower for individuals who receive aftercare services compared to those who do not (Free and Dodd, 1961;Beard et al, 1963;Hornstra and McPartland, 1963;Mendel and Rappaport, 1963;Greenblatt et al, 1963;Purvis and Miskimins, 1970;Anthony and Buell, 1973;Smith et al, 1974;Winston et al, 1977), other studies show no differences between aftercare and no-aftercare groups (Brown et al, 1966;Michaux et al, 1969;Mayer et al, 1973;Franklin et al, 1975). Kirk (1976) attributes these diverse findings to differences in methodology, outcome measures, length of follow-up, type and size of patient samples, and treatment settings.…”

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confidence: 99%

Community Posthospital Follow-Up Services

Solberg

1983

Eval Rev

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Clients ready for discharge from the Fresno County Department of Health Acute Psychiatric Unit were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 71) or a control group (n = 72). The individuals in the experimental group received community follow-up services from one of four psychiatric social workers for a period of 30 days after their discharge from the acute psychiatric unit. The control group received no follow-up ser vices from the project staff. The evaluation of the project was based on a period of 60 days following each client's discharge from the hospital. The results showed that posthospital community follow-up, as provided in this demonstration project, is effective in preventing or at least delaving rehospitalization, without increasing the cost of mental health care.

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Outpatient Treatment for Chronic Schizophrenic Patients

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

The nonprofessional as a psychotherapeutic agent

The nonprofessional as a psychotherapeutic agent

Results of family-orientated therapy with hospitalized schizophrenics.

Community Posthospital Follow-Up Services

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