Outlook for the Academic Profession

Bowen, Howard R.; Schuster, Jack H.

doi:10.2307/40249479

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Bowen, and Schuster (1985) identi® ed the negative impact of stress on staV morale, reporting that many of the senior academics they interviewed were angry, embittered and felt devalued and abandoned. Armour, CaVarella, Fuhrmann, and Wergin (1987) further report that stress among academic and general staV of universities signi® cantly aVects the quality of both teaching and research, and results in feelings of detachment, low job satisfaction and low job commitment, which may be contagious for students and colleagues.…”

Section: Impact Of Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress

Gillespie¹,

Walsh²,

Winefield³

et al. 2001

Work & Stress

436

373

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In recent years, the Australian university sector has undergone large-scale organizational change, including restructuring, downsizing and government funding cuts. At the same time, research from across the globe reports an alarming increase in the occupational stress experienced by university staV. We report on the ® rst phase of a longitudinal investigation of occupational stress. A total of 22 focus groups were conducted with a representative sample of 178 academic and general staV from 15 Australian universities. The groups focused on understanding staV 's experience of occupational stress, and perceptions of the sources, consequences and moderators of stress. Both general and academic staV reported a dramatic increase in stress during the previous 5 years. As a group, academic staV reported higher levels of stress than general staV. Five major sources of stress were identi® ed including: insuYcient funding and resources; work overload; poor management practice; job insecurity; and insuYcient recognition and reward. The majority of groups reported that job-related stress was having a deleterious impact on their professional work and personal welfare. Aspects of the work environment (support from co-workers and management, recognition and achievement, high morale, exible working conditions), and personal coping strategies (stress management techniques, work/ non-work balance, tight role boundaries and lowering standards), were reported to help staV cope with stress. The ® ndings provide a timely insight into the experience of stress within universities.

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Section: Impact Of Stressmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress

Gillespie¹,

Walsh²,

Winefield³

et al. 2001

Work & Stress

436

373

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Subsequently, there appears to have been little work undertaken in this specific area with the exception of Shah and Burke (1999) who published an absorbing markov chain analysis of undergraduate students in the Australian higher education system, however, apart from Nicholls (1983), there still appears to be little work done at the graduate level. It is worth noting that large numbers of applications of absorbing markov chains in allied areas, e.g., manpower planning models in academe (Hopkins and Massey 1981), academic planning (Bowan and Schuster 1985), assessing personnel practices in higher education (Baker and Willams 1986), faculty structure (Ling and Pen-Guozhong 1987) and again, manpower planning (Hackett et al 1999) have been undertaken.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the progress and the underlying nature of the flows of doctoral and master degree candidates using absorbing Markov chains

Nicholls

2007

High Educ

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In this paper, absorbing markov chains are used to analyse the flows of higher degree by research candidates (doctoral and master) within an Australian faculty of business. The candidates are analysed according to whether they are full time or part time. The need for such analysis stemmed from what appeared to be a rather poor completion rate (as reported by the University concerned). However, this reported completion rate was a 'macro' figure that aggregated PhD and Master (by full time and part time) completions together. If there really was a problem, then the Faculty needed to know where in the system it was and what potentially might then be done to remedy the problem. The assembling of data into an appropriate database was difficult and required considerable care, but an adequate database was developed. The application of the absorbing markov chains to the problem resulted in an increase in the level of understanding associated with the long term underlying probabilities of completion and also expected durations of candidature. This information highlighted one area of concern. With the information gained from this study, appropriate strategies can subsequently be put in place for the rectification of some of the areas of concern discovered in the analysis. Areas for further research are also highlighted in this paper.

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“…More recently, Bowen and Schuster (1985) concluded that higher education may be facing an opposite pressure very soon-a severe undersupply of qualified persons. Bowen and Schuster projected departures at 4% per year for the next 25 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas faculty mobility between institutions apparently is less today than in the two decades after World War 11, departures to industry seem to have increased (Bowen & Schuster, 1985;Daniels, Shane, & Wall, 1984; Smith, 1982). These departures are often attributed to actual or anticipated financial gains.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Financial difficulties resulting in part from a combination of falling enrollments, increasing costs, and persistent problems in the national economy have brought on pressures for program reductions in higher education. These reductions are often carried out through programs for early retirement, which seem to be on the increase in the mid-1980s (Power, 1987).More recently, Bowen and Schuster (1985) concluded that higher education may be facing an opposite pressure very soon-a severe undersupply of qualified persons. Bowen and Schuster projected departures at 4% per year for the next 25 years.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Position Turnover and Volatility in Counselor Education Over a 15‐Year Period

White

Hernandez

1988

Couns Edu & Supervision

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A survey of actual counselor education position changes between 197 1-1986 revealed high turnover but decreasing volatility. Estimates for 1987-1992 suggest both less turnover and volatility.Much discussion has appeared in the higher education literature about the aging of higher education faculties and difficulties experienced by entry-level people in getting an initial faculty appointment (Abel, 1984). Financial difficulties resulting in part from a combination of falling enrollments, increasing costs, and persistent problems in the national economy have brought on pressures for program reductions in higher education. These reductions are often carried out through programs for early retirement, which seem to be on the increase in the mid-1980s (Power, 1987).More recently, Bowen and Schuster (1985) concluded that higher education may be facing an opposite pressure very soon-a severe undersupply of qualified persons. Bowen and Schuster projected departures at 4% per year for the next 25 years.Whereas faculty mobility between institutions apparently is less today than in the two decades after World War 11, departures to industry seem to have increased (Bowen & Schuster, 1985;Daniels, Shane, & Wall, 1984; Smith, 1982). These departures are often attributed to actual or anticipated financial gains. Weiler (1 985), however, discovered that alArden White is a professor of counselor education at the University of Wyoming, Laramie. Nelda Rae Hernandez is a graduate student in counselor education at the University of Wyoming. 80

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Outlook for the Academic Profession

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress

Occupational stress in universities: Staff perceptions of the causes, consequences and moderators of stress

Assessing the progress and the underlying nature of the flows of doctoral and master degree candidates using absorbing Markov chains

Position Turnover and Volatility in Counselor Education Over a 15‐Year Period

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