Outlook and challenges for hydrogen storage in nanoporous materials

Broom, Darren P.; Webb, C. J.; Hurst, Katherine E.; Parilla, Philip A.; Gennett, Thomas; Brown, Craig M.; Zacharia, Renju; Tylianakis, Emmanuel; Klontzas, Emmanuel; Froudakis, George E.; Steriotis, Theodore; Trikalitis, Pantelis N.; Anton, Donald L.; Hardy, B.J.; Tamburello, David; Corgnale, Claudio; Hassel, B.A. van; Cossement, Daniel; Chahine, Richard; Hirscher, Michael

doi:10.1007/s00339-016-9651-4

Cited by 143 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 192 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the next generation of fuel‐cell vehicles, the automotive industry is still looking for more cost‐efficient methods to store hydrogen safely. Physisorption of hydrogen on porous structures may be one solution for systems with much lower operating pressures . Owing to the low interaction energy of approximately 5 kJ mol −1 for hydrogen adsorption, only at low temperatures a type I isotherm is observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Balderas‐Xicohténcatl

Schlichtenmayer

Hirscher

2017

Energy Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molecular hydrogen storage in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is one possibility for on‐board storage in fuel‐cell vehicles, but so far generally only the gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity has been considered. Here we analyze the volumetric absolute hydrogen uptake of many MOFs measured at 77 K and 2.0–2.5 MPa in our laboratory in recent years and correlate these to their structure. A linear relation is found for the volumetric absolute hydrogen uptake as a function of the volumetric surface area, which yields the same hydrogen surface density as in Chahine's rule. Furthermore, the experimental data show a correlation between the specific volume and the specific surface area, which is used to develop a phenomenological model for the volumetric absolute uptake as a function of the gravimetric absolute uptake. Most of the MOFs follow this relation. However, the interpenetrated framework, CFA‐7, shows the strongest deviation and the highest volumetric absolute hydrogen storage capacity at 77 K and 2.0 MPa.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Balderas‐Xicohténcatl

Schlichtenmayer

Hirscher

2017

Energy Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Materialsbased systems designed to operate at lower temperatures may require more complex and costly BOP components (e.g., thermal insulation, heat exchangers) and will therefore likely impart more penalties on the system-level capacity compared to systems designed to operate at ambient temperatures. 8 Adsorbent systems could also incorporate a temperature swing step, for example from 77 to 160 K, which increases usable capacities by increasing the quantity of H 2 desorbed upon cycling. Systems operating at lower temperatures will also likely require materials with significantly higher capacities compared to ambient temperature systems to compensate for insulation and additional system complexity; unfortunately, there is no simple factor that can be applied to quantify this requirement.…”

Section: Usable Gravimetric and Volumetric Capacitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of strategies for the development of solid-state adsorbents for vehicular hydrogen storage

Allendorf

Hulvey

Gennett

et al. 2018

Energy Environ. Sci.

216

187

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nanoporous adsorbents are a diverse category of solid-state materials that hold considerable promise for vehicular hydrogen storage. Although impressive storage capacities have been demonstrated for several materials, particularly at cryogenic temperatures, materials meeting all of the targets established by the U.S. Department of Energy have yet to be identified. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the major known and proposed strategies for hydrogen adsorbents, with the aim of guiding ongoing research as well as future new storage concepts. The discussion of each strategy includes current relevant literature, strengths and weaknesses, and outstanding challenges that preclude implementation. We consider in particular metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), including surface area/volume tailoring, open metal sites, and the binding of multiple H 2 molecules to a single metal site. Two related classes of porous framework materials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and porous aromatic frameworks (PAFs), are also discussed, as are graphene and graphene oxide and doped porous carbons. We additionally introduce criteria for evaluating the merits of a particular materials design strategy. Computation has become an important tool in the discovery of new storage materials, and a brief introduction to the benefits and limitations of computational predictions of H 2 physisorption is therefore presented. Finally, considerations for the synthesis and characterization of hydrogen storage adsorbents are discussed. IntroductionStorage of hydrogen with sufficient gravimetric and volumetric capacity for vehicular use remains a significant obstacle to the widespread adoption of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). Several FCEV models are now commercially available in limited locations around the world, and in these vehicles hydrogen is stored as a gas at room temperature with a fill Table 1 along with the current performance of 700 bar systems. These values pertain to the entire storage system, which includes the mass and volume of hydrogen in addition to the tank and associated balance-ofplant (BOP) components. Notably, it is physically impossible to meet the 2025 and ultimate volumetric capacity target with pressurized gas, as the density of H 2 gas at 700 bar and room temperature is just 40 g L À1 without accounting for the BOP.The search for solid-state H 2 storage materials that can supplant compressed gas systems has been ongoing for at least two decades. The development of a viable storage material Broader contextThe widespread use of hydrogen as a clean, sustainable energy carrier has the potential to provide several significant benefits, including a reduction in oil dependency and emissions, improved energy security and grid resiliency, and substantial economic opportunities across many sectors. Hydrogen-fueled vehicles are already appearing internationally, and one of the critical enabling technologies for increasing their availability is on-board hydrogen storage. Stakeholders in developing a hydrogen in...

show abstract

“…Despite all its advantages, its low volumetric density under ambient conditions (0.0899 kg m −3 ) strongly limits its commercial use. Physisorption of hydrogen in a dense adsorbed layer on materials of high surface area can be one solution for efficient and safe storage systems . The development of novel porous materials possessing extremely high surface areas and tunable pore sizes, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), has driven this field over the past 15 years .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity using Interpenetrated Metal–Organic Frameworks

Balderas‐Xicohténcatl

Schmieder

Denysenko

et al. 2017

Energy Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metal–organic frameworks with extremely large specific surface areas can reach very high gravimetric hydrogen storage capacities. However, these ultra‐porous materials possess typically a very low density and, therefore, a poor volumetric hydrogen storage capacity. Here we study experimentally the influence of interpenetration on the volumetric and gravimetric hydrogen storage capacity by comparing two metal–organic frameworks of the MFU‐4 family, non‐interpenetrated MFU‐4l and CFA‐7 with an interpenetrated structure. At 77 K the absolute volumetric hydrogen uptake of CFA‐7 is more than twice that of MFU‐4l.

show abstract

Outlook and challenges for hydrogen storage in nanoporous materials

Cited by 143 publications

References 192 publications

Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity in Metal–Organic Frameworks

Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity in Metal–Organic Frameworks

An assessment of strategies for the development of solid-state adsorbents for vehicular hydrogen storage

High Volumetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity using Interpenetrated Metal–Organic Frameworks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About