Outlining recent updates on influenza therapeutics and vaccines: A comprehensive review

Activation of Antiviral Host Responses against Avian Influenza Virus and Remodeling of Gut Microbiota by rLAB Vector Expressing rIL-17A in Chickens

“…Although a growing body of evidence suggests that vaccination can reduce viral transmission and shedding, it can also be a more powerful measure if used with other immune-adjunctive modalities. 9,10 Specifically, priming and educating the host innate immune system using immunomodulators such as toll-like receptor ligands or cytokines are known to augment vaccine efficacy against several respiratory or gut pathogens, including AIVs. 10−12 To this end, advances in genetic engineering and a better understanding of cytokines functionality have revived our interest in investigating the benefits of cytokine-based biotherapeutic approaches.…”

“…Therefore, amidst emerging pandemic threats, there has been a constant demand for alternative or improved strategies to prevent AIV infection in chickens. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that vaccination can reduce viral transmission and shedding, it can also be a more powerful measure if used with other immune-adjunctive modalities. , Specifically, priming and educating the host innate immune system using immunomodulators such as toll-like receptor ligands or cytokines are known to augment vaccine efficacy against several respiratory or gut pathogens, including AIVs. − …”